PITUITARY MICROADENOMA: MOLECULAR GENETIC BASIS AND POSSIBILITIES OF EARLY MRI DIAGNOSIS

Abstract

The article presents an analytical review of current possibilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the early diagnosis of pituitary microadenoma, reflecting the evolution of imaging methods from standard protocols to high-field and functional technologies. The pathogenetic and morphological features of microadenomas are considered, along with the comparative effectiveness of MRI and other neuroimaging methods in the context of early detection of tumor changes. Particular attention is paid to the prospects for using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, radiomics, and multi-omics approaches, which make it possible to improve diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility. The analysis highlights the relevance of standardizing MRI protocols and integrating artificial intelligence into clinical practice. The findings may be useful for specialists in neuroradiology, endocrinology, and neurosurgery in improving the diagnosis and treatment strategy for pituitary neoplasms.