MULTISOURCE SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PRIMARY-SECONDARY PREECLAMPSIA PREVENTION BEHAVIORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal mortality in Indonesia, with a prevalence in East Java reaching 24.4%. Low awareness among pregnant women remains a major barrier; therefore, social support is needed to reinforce healthy behaviors. This study aimed to analyze the effects of support from family, friends, and healthcare workers on preeclampsia prevention in Sumenep Regency. This quantitative, cross-sectional study involved a population of 474 pregnant women with preeclampsia across 28 community health centers (Puskesmas). A total of 217 respondents were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression. Most respondents reported good family support (59.4%), moderate support from friends (58.1%), and good support from healthcare workers (70%). In terms of behavior, 57.1% of respondents were highly compliant with antenatal care, while stress management remained at a moderate level (48.3%). Regression analysis showed that support from family, friends, and healthcare workers significantly influenced ANC adherence, nutrition, physical activity, and medication use (P < 0.05). However, for stress management, support from healthcare workers was not statistically significant (P 0.290). Social support is a vital determinant in the prevention of preeclampsia. Strengthening synergy between family and friends is particularly important for psychological support. Healthcare workers should optimize their role by transforming services from providing clinical education to offering empathetic emotional counseling. In addition, developing community-based mentoring programs (such as pregnancy classes that involve husbands) is strongly recommended to improve stress management and comprehensively reduce preeclampsia morbidity.