BASELINE LABORATORY AND MOLECULAR PARAMETERS ASSOCIATED WITH SEVERITY AND MORTALITY OF COVID-19: A JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA HOSPITAL-BASED RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Abstract

The pandemic of COVID-19 influenced the global health condition heavily, and Saudi Arabia has witnessed many cases of these infections. This paper is research to examine the preliminary clinical and laboratory parameters linked with the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. At King Abdullah Medical Complex (KAMC-J), a cohort investigation was retrospective with 247 confirmed COVID-19 patients between March 2020 and July 2020. The authors of the study examined the demographic factors, comorbid factors, laboratory results, and management recommendations to determine potential predictors of COVID-19 severity and mortality. The associations between variables and patient outcomes were analyzed by using statistical tests such as logistic regression and chi-square tests. The results showed that age, diabetes mellitus, and D-dimer and ferritin presence were significantly related with bad severity and fatality. Moreover, severe cases had piggy liver enzyme (ALT, AST) and kidney functioning indicators (creatinine, BUN). Poor outcomes were also related to management protocols, e.g., the necessity of invasive ventilation and ICU admission. The research highlights the relevance of early detection of risk patients, especially the elderly and individuals with comorbid conditions, so as to enhance clinical care and mortality rates. The findings also highlight the importance of measuring important laboratory parameters and using patient-specific treatment plans to improve patient outcomes.