PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITION AND SARCOPENIA AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN SELECTED OLD AGE HOMES OF URBAN CHENNAI: A SYSTEMATIC SURVEY

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent geriatric health issues in institutionalized elderly individuals, considerably contributing to morbidity, diminished functional capacity, and impaired quality of life. Aim:This study sought to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia among older inhabitants of selected nursing homes in urban Chennai, as well as to examine relevant dietary and health aspects.

Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed with 60 elderly individuals living in designated senior care facilities in the urban area of Chennai. Information pertaining to demographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, treatment history, physical activity, and dietary habits was gathered by a structured questionnaire. The nutritional consumption was evaluated by a 3-day dietary recall approach. Variables were categorized and evaluated using descriptive statistical approaches including frequency and percentage distribution.

Results: The study findings demonstrated a high frequency of malnutrition and sarcopenia among the older subjects. Dietary assessment suggested frequent eating of cereal-based meals with comparatively reduced intake of protein-rich foods, fruits, and nutrient-dense food items. Participants exhibited prevalent comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, arthritis, anemia, thyroid diseases, and renal illnesses. Decreased physical activity and extended institutional stays correlated with inferior nutritional results.

Conclusion:Malnutrition and sarcopenia continue to pose considerable nutritional and functional health issues for institutionalized elderly individuals in urban Chennai. Insufficient nutritional diversity, concomitant conditions, and sedentary lifestyle habits were recognized as significant contributing causes. Consistent nutritional assessments, well-structured dietary interventions, and specialized geriatric care approaches are crucial for enhancing the nutritional and health conditions of senior individuals living in nursing facilities.