MULTIPARAMETRIC MRI IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ADRENAL TUMORS: CURRENT POSSIBILITIES AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Abstract

Introduction. Adrenal tumors are a significant diagnostic problem in modern oncoendocrinology, especially when it is necessary to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) is considered as a promising noninvasive imaging method that allows comprehensive assessment of the morphological and functional characteristics of tumor tissue. The

purpose of the study. To systematize modern data on the possibilities of multiparametric MRI in the differential diagnosis of adrenal tumors and to evaluate its clinical significance in distinguishing benign and malignant neoplasms.

Materials and methods. An analytical review of domestic and foreign publications indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for the period 2015-2025 has been conducted. The analysis includes clinical studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on the use of MP-MRI in adrenal tumors. The diagnostic capabilities of chemical shift imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), ADC mapping, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) sequences, as well as radiomics and artificial intelligence methods, were evaluated.

Results. An analysis of the literature has shown that the use of a multiparametric approach significantly improves the accuracy of the differential diagnosis of adenomas, adrenocortical carcinomas, pheochromocytomas and metastatic lesions of the adrenal glands. The most informative parameters are indicators of lipid saturation, diffusion coefficient (ADC) and characteristics of contrast accumulation. The integration of MP-MRI with radiomics and artificial intelligence technologies helps automate image interpretation, improve reproducibility of results, and create predictive models. In addition, the method has high clinical significance in preoperative planning, monitoring the effectiveness of therapy, and dynamic patient monitoring.

Conclusion. Multiparametric MRI is a highly informative tool for noninvasive diagnosis of adrenal tumors, providing a comprehensive functional and morphological assessment of the formations. The introduction of standardized research protocols and the integration of radiomic technologies open up prospects for the widespread use of MP-MRI in personalized and precision medicine.