TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS OF DISEASE PROGRESSION IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS

Abstract

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease and other types of chronic inflammatory diseases are recurrently activated by the immune system and gradually damaged tissue that causes significant morbidity globally. It is also important to comprehend the molecular pathways related to the development of diseases in an effort to enhance diagnosis and treatment. This paper set out to examine the changes in transcriptome in relation to various phases of chronic inflammatory diseases to determine some of the genes and pathways associated with the disease. A thorough transcriptomic study was conducted based on the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) results of highly characterized patient samples of different disease stages. Raw sequencing data were subjected to the pipeline of well-known bioinformatics analysis tools, such as differential gene expression analysis, functional enrichment methods. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses were performed to identify key pathways and gene interaction networks to identify hub genes were constructed. The findings showed that there was great disparity in the expression of genes related to immune response, cytokine signaling, and cellular stress pathways. Remarkably, pathways like NF-kB signaling pathway and JAK-STAT signaling pathway were reproducibly enriched over the stages of progressive disease. Network analysis has revealed that there are some hub genes that may be critical regulators of inflammatory progression. Also, signature gene expression patterns were found to be different between early and advanced disease, which may have biomarkers to stratify diseases. To conclude, this research offers new findings to the biology of transcriptomics on the progression of chronic inflammatory diseases. The recognized pathways and genes will have therapeutic intervention opportunities and aid the creation of stage-specific diagnostic biomarkers, helping to advance precision medicine strategies in inflammatory diseases.