IN HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT SURGERY AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of in hospital outcomes of acute kidney injury after coronary artery bypass graft surgery at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out at the Department of Nephrology at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi in a span of six months following ethical approval. Non-probability consecutive sampling was done to select 104 patients. Patients that had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and developed acute kidney injury (AKI) aged 40-80 years were eligible. Data were processed with SPSS v22 and chi-square test was done with p 0.05 considered significant.

Results: The mean age of patients was 66.63 ± 8.62 years. Serum creatinine increased postoperatively from 0.933 ± 0.124 mg/dL to 1.619 ± 0.546 mg/dL and decreased to 1.288 ± 0.478 mg/dL at discharge. Majority of the patients were males (84.6%). Hypertension (92.3%) and diabetes mellitus (59.6%) were prevalent. The most common was hospital stay of 7 days (42.3%). In-hospital outcomes were recovery (67.3%), persistent renal dysfunction (26.9%), and mortality (3.8%). There was a significant association between gender and hospital stay (p < 0.001) and no significant association between diabetes and hypertension.

Conclusion: Acute kidney injury related to CABG is a frequent postoperative outcome and is especially susceptible to older males with comorbidities. Most patients recovered, but a significant number either developed chronic kidney disease or die. Close perioperative monitoring and early detection are necessary to enhance renal and overall outcomes.