mtDNA

The first assess of the haplotypes from COI gene sequences in species of spittlebugs (Cicadomorpha: Hemiptera) and aquatic true bugs (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha: Hemiptera) in Brazil

M. M. U. Castanhole, Marchesin, S. R. C., Pereira, L. L. V., Moreira, F. F. F., Barbosa, J. F., Valério, J. R., and Itoyama, M. M., “The first assess of the haplotypes from COI gene sequences in species of spittlebugs (Cicadomorpha: Hemiptera) and aquatic true bugs (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha: Hemiptera) in Brazil”, vol. 12, pp. 5372-5381, 2013.

We made the first analysis of the COI gene sequences of 22 species of spittlebugs and aquatic true bugs sampled in São Paulo State (Brazil) and used this information to determine the variability within these groups. Considering each codon position, we observed that the third base was the most variable, and the first base was the most conserved.

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers of isonuclear allocytoplasmic male sterile wheat accessions and their maintainer lines

M. Ejaz, Qidi, Z., Gaisheng, Z., Qunzhu, W., and Xinbo, Z., “Analysis of mitochondrial DNA using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers of isonuclear allocytoplasmic male sterile wheat accessions and their maintainer lines”, vol. 12, pp. 5207-5214, 2013.

To produce a good F1 hybrid variety wheat crop, it is necessary to explore novel cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines and their maintainer line. This study aimed to identify cytoplasmic variation in three isonuclear-alloplasmic male sterile lines Aegilops kotschyi (Ae.kots) -90-110, Aegilops ventricosa (Ae.ven) -90-110, and Triticum spelta (T.spelta) -90-110 and their maintainer line, A-90-110, at the molecular level.

Germline HVR-II mitochondrial polymorphisms associated with breast cancer in Tunisian women

Y. B. Loueslati, Troudi, W., Cherni, L., Rhomdhane, K. B., and Mota-Vieira, L., “Germline HVR-II mitochondrial polymorphisms associated with breast cancer in Tunisian women”, vol. 9, pp. 1690-1700, 2010.

A high incidence of somatic mtDNA polymorphisms has been reported in a wide variety of human cancers; some of them have been proposed as markers for the early detection of breast cancer. However, little attention has been paid to the potential of germline mitochondrial sequence variations as genetic risk factors for cancer.

Utilization of molecular markers for the conservation of blood cockles, Anadara granosa (Arcidae)

S. Y. Chee, Azizah, M. N. S., and Devakie, M. N., “Utilization of molecular markers for the conservation of blood cockles, Anadara granosa (Arcidae)”, vol. 10, pp. 1245-1261, 2011.

We examined genetic variation in blood cockles in an effort to obtain information useful for the sustainability, management, and the stability of this species as a major commodity in the fisheries sector. Ten populations of cockles were sampled from the north to the south of the west coast of peninsular Malaysia. The cockles were collected in collaboration with the Fisheries Research Institute, Penang. The population genetic analysis of the cockles were studied via RAPD-PCR and mtDNA sequencing. Three hundred individuals were analyzed with RAPD-PCR experiments.

Molecular variability in Brycon cf. pesu Müller and Troschel, 1845 (Characiformes:Characidae) from the Araguaia-Tocantins Basin

R. S. Panarari-Antunes, Prioli, A. J., Prioli, S. M. A. P., Júlio, Jr., H. F., Agostinho, C. S., and Prioli, L. M., “Molecular variability in Brycon cf. pesu Müller and Troschel, 1845 (Characiformes:Characidae) from the Araguaia-Tocantins Basin”, vol. 7, pp. 95-106, 2008.

Brycon pesu is a small-sized fish distributed throughout the Amazon and Orinoco Basins and other coastal basins of northeastern South America. Brycon cf. pesu specimens from the Araguaia-Tocantins Basin are currently separated into two morphotypes, Brycon sp1 and Brycon sp2, owing to different coloration of their anal fin. Brycon sp2 has a reddish margin stripe on the anal fin which morphologically distinguishes it from Brycon sp1.

Genetic population structure and hybridization in two sibling species, Tomoplagia reticulata and Tomoplagia pallens (Diptera: Tephritidae)

A. G. Abreu and Solferini, V. N., “Genetic population structure and hybridization in two sibling species, Tomoplagia reticulata and Tomoplagia pallens (Diptera: Tephritidae)”, vol. 7, pp. 1298-1311, 2008.

Tomoplagia reticulata and T. pallens are sibling species that are specialists on Eremanthus glomerulatus. Besides adult terminalia, they show slight morphological differences and distinct geographic distributions. Once, however, they were found sympatrically. Using data from allozyme and mtDNA, we examined patterns of intra- and interspecific genetic structure, and investigated the possible occurrence of gene flow between them. Both species showed low diversity and high genetic structure, which can be linked to their high degree of specialization.

Morphometric and genetic changes in a population of Apis mellifera after 34 years of Africanization

T. M. Francoy, Wittmann, D., Steinhage, V., Drauschke, M., Müller, S., Cunha, D. R., Nascimento, A. M., Figueiredo, V. L. C., Simões, Z. L. P., De Jong, D., Arias, M. C., and Gonçalves, L. S., “Morphometric and genetic changes in a population of Apis mellifera after 34 years of Africanization”, vol. 8, pp. 709-717, 2009.

Though the replacement of European bees by Africanized honey bees in tropical America has attracted considerable attention, little is known about the temporal changes in morphological and genetic characteristics in these bee populations. We examined the changes in the morphometric and genetic profiles of an Africanized honey bee population collected near where the original African swarms escaped, after 34 years of Africanization. Workers from colonies sampled in 1968 and in 2002 were morphometrically analyzed using relative warps analysis and an Automatic Bee Identification System (ABIS).

Increase in mitochondrial DNA quantity and impairment of oxidative phosphorylation in bovine fibroblast cells treated with ethidium bromide for 15 passages in culture

M. Roberto Chiaratti and Meirelles, F. Vieira, “Increase in mitochondrial DNA quantity and impairment of oxidative phosphorylation in bovine fibroblast cells treated with ethidium bromide for 15 passages in culture”, vol. 5, pp. 55-62, 2006.

Bovine fetal fibroblast cells were treated with ethidium bromide at a low concentration for 15 passages in culture to determine its effect on mitochondrial DNA copy number and on cell metabolism. Mitochondrial membrane potential and lactate production were estimated in order to characterize cell metabolism. In addition, mitochondrial DNA ND5 in proportion to a nuclear gene (luteinizing hormone receptor) was determined at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 10th, and 15th passages using semi-quantitative PCR amplification.

Molecular differentiation in natural populations of Anopheles oswaldoi sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Brazilian Amazon, using sequences of the COI gene from mitochondrial DNA

V. M. Scarpassa and Conn, J. E., “Molecular differentiation in natural populations of Anopheles oswaldoi sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Brazilian Amazon, using sequences of the COI gene from mitochondrial DNA”, vol. 5, pp. 493-502, 2006.

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) oswaldoi (Peryassú, 1922) s. l., which has been incriminated as a potential human malaria vector in Western Brazilian Amazon, may constitute a cryptic species complex. However, the most recent study with isozymes indicated high similarity among samples from the States of Acre, Amazonas and Rondônia in the Brazilian Amazon.

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