Molecular markers

Association between a polymorphism in intron 3 of the bovine growth hormone gene and growth traits in Holstein heifers in Antioquia

J. Arango, Echeverri, J. J., and López, A., Association between a polymorphism in intron 3 of the bovine growth hormone gene and growth traits in Holstein heifers in Antioquia, vol. 13, pp. 6191-6199, 2014.

The aim of this study was to determine the association between a polymorphism in intron 3 of the bovine growth hormone (BGH) gene and growth traits related to the start of the reproductive life of Holstein heifers. This research was conducted using 480 Holstein heifers belonging to eight herds in three municipalities in the Department of Antioquia (Colombia).

Assessing the genetic relationships of Curcuma alismatifolia varieties using simple sequence repeat markers

S. Taheri, Abdullah, T. L., Abdullah, N. A. P., Ahmad, Z., Karimi, E., and Shabanimofrad, M. R., Assessing the genetic relationships of Curcuma alismatifolia varieties using simple sequence repeat markers, vol. 13, pp. 7339-7346, 2014.

The genus Curcuma is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) that has recently become popular for use as flowering pot plants, both indoors and as patio and landscape plants. We used PCR-based molecular markers (SSRs) to elucidate genetic variation and relationships between five varieties of Curcuma (Curcuma alismatifolia) cultivated in Malaysia. Of the primers tested, 8 (of 17) SSR primers were selected for their reproducibility and high rates of polymorphism.

Genetic and morphological diversity of Moenkhausia oligolepis (Characiformes: Characidae) populations in the tributaries of the Araguaia River, Brazil: implications for taxonomy and conservation

T. J. Domingos, Moraes, L. N., Moresco, R. M., Margarido, V. P., and Venere, P. C., Genetic and morphological diversity of Moenkhausia oligolepis (Characiformes: Characidae) populations in the tributaries of the Araguaia River, Brazil: implications for taxonomy and conservation, vol. 13, pp. 7979-7991, 2014.

Molecular genetic assessments that consider ecological information, in addition to endogamy levels, genetic diversity, and the genetic differentiation among species and populations, are particularly important for the conservation of biological diversity. Prime candidates for conservation genetic review are those subject to human use, including harvests for the ornamental fish trade. Colorful South American tetra, such as Moenkhausia oligolepis and M. forestii, are good examples of fish species that are widely collected and exported worldwide.

A suite of microsatellite markers for genetic management of captive cracids (Aves, Galliformes)

M. C. Costa, Camargo, C., Laganaro, N. M., Oliveira, Jr., P. R. R., Davanço, P. V., Azeredo, R. M. A., Simpson, J. G. P., Silveira, L. F., and Francisco, M. R., A suite of microsatellite markers for genetic management of captive cracids (Aves, Galliformes), vol. 13, pp. 9867-9873, 2014.

Cracids are medium to large frugivorous birds that are endemic to the Neotropics. Because of deforestation and overhunting, many species are threatened. The conservation of several species has relied on captive breeding and reintroduction in the wild, but captive populations may be inbred. Microsatellite tools can permit the construction of genetic pedigrees to reduce inbreeding, but only a few loci are available for this group of birds.

Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in Hyptis pectinata (Lamiaceae)

A. F. Blank, Jesus, A. S., Santos, C. P., Grando, C., Pinheiro, J. B., Zucchi, M. I., and Arrigoni-Blank, M. F., Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in Hyptis pectinata (Lamiaceae), vol. 13, pp. 10173-10176, 2014.

A microsatellite-enriched library was constructed and a set of 19 SSR markers were developed to characterize a germplasm collection of Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit., maintained at the Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS). Fifteen markers of 19 ranged from moderately to highly polymorphic. A total of 113 alleles were identified, with a mean of 7.52 alleles per locus. The mean HO and HE were 0.582 and 0.657, respectively.

Genetic-molecular characterization of backcross generations for sexual conversion in papaya (Carica papaya L.)

H. C. C. Ramos, Pereira, M. G., Pereira, T. N. S., Barros, G. B. A., and Ferreguetti, G. A., Genetic-molecular characterization of backcross generations for sexual conversion in papaya (Carica papaya L.), vol. 13, pp. 10367-10381, 2014.

The low number of improved cultivars limits the expansion of the papaya crop, particularly because of the time required for the development of new varieties using classical procedures. Molecular techniques associated with conventional procedures accelerate this process and allow targeted improvements. Thus, we used microsatellite markers to perform genetic-molecular characterization of papaya genotypes obtained from 3 backcross generations to monitor the inbreeding level and parental genome proportion in the evaluated genotypes.

Comparison of small scale methods for the rapid and efficient extraction of mitochondrial DNA from wheat crop suitable for down-stream processes

M. Ejaz, Qidi, Z., Gaisheng, Z., Qunzhu, W., Na, N., and Huiyan, Z., Comparison of small scale methods for the rapid and efficient extraction of mitochondrial DNA from wheat crop suitable for down-stream processes, vol. 13, pp. 10320-10331, 2014.

We evaluated and compared 2 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) extraction methods in terms of DNA quality and success of subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications from yel­low etiolated shoots of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum). mtDNA ex­traction is difficult because the presence of metabolites interfere with DNA isolation procedures and downstream applications such as DNA restriction, amplification, and cloning.

Genetic diversity of Brazilian and introduced olive germplasms based on microsatellite markers

A. D. Bdo Val, Ferreira, J. L., J. Neto, V., Pasqual, M., de Oliveira, A. F., Borém, A., and Cançado, G. M. A., Genetic diversity of Brazilian and introduced olive germplasms based on microsatellite markers, vol. 11, pp. 556-571, 2012.

Olive trees have been grown since the beginning of civilization, and the consumption of olives and olive products is increasing worldwide, due to their health benefits and organoleptic qualities. To meet the growing market for olives, commercial cultivation of this species is expanding from traditional areas to new regions. Although the Brazilian olive industry has just begun to be established, breeding programs are already developing cultivars that are more adapted to local conditions.

Genetic variability in local Brazilian horse lines using microsatellite markers

A. C. M. Silva, Paiva, S. R., Albuquerque, M. S. M., Egito, A. A., Santos, S. A., Lima, F. C., Castro, S. T., Mariante, A. S., Correa, P. S., and McManus, C. M., Genetic variability in local Brazilian horse lines using microsatellite markers, vol. 11, pp. 881-890, 2012.

Genetic variability at 11 microsatellite markers was analyzed in five naturalized/local Brazilian horse breeds or genetic groups. Blood samples were collected from 328 animals of the breeds Campeira (Santa Catarina State), Lavradeira (Roraima State), Pantaneira (Pantanal Mato-Grossense), Mangalarga Marchador (Minas Gerais State), as well as the genetic group Baixadeiro (Maranhão State), and the exotic breeds English Thoroughbred and Arab.

Genetic structure and diversity analysis of the primary gene pool of chickpea using SSR markers

P. Choudhary, Khanna, S. M., Jain, P. K., Bharadwaj, C., Kumar, J., Lakhera, P. C., and Srinivasan, R., Genetic structure and diversity analysis of the primary gene pool of chickpea using SSR markers, vol. 11, pp. 891-905, 2012.

Members of the primary gene pool of the chickpea, including 38 accessions of Cicer arietinum, six of C. reticulatum and four of C. echinospermum grown in India were investigated using 100 SSR markers to analyze their genetic structure, diversity and relationships. We found considerable diversity, with a mean of 4.8 alleles per locus (ranging from 2 to 11); polymorphic information content ranged from 0.040 to 0.803, with a mean of 0.536.

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