Genetic variation

Genetic variation of Sargassum horneri populations detected by inter-simple sequence repeats

J. R. Ren, Yang, R., He, Y. Y., and Sun, Q. H., Genetic variation of Sargassum horneri populations detected by inter-simple sequence repeats, vol. 14, pp. 619-625, 2015.

The seaweed Sargassum horneri is an important brown alga in the marine environment, and it is an important raw material in the alginate industry. Unfortunately, the fixed resource that was originally reported is now reduced or disappeared, and increased floating populations have been reported in recent years. We sampled a floating population and 4 fixed cultivated populations of S. horneri along the coast of Zhejiang, China.

Genetic variation of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) after replication in cell culture and experimental animals

M. F. Camargos, Rajão, D. S., Leite, R. C., Stancek, D., Heinemann, M. B., and Reis, J. K. P., Genetic variation of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) after replication in cell culture and experimental animals, vol. 13, pp. 1717-1723, 2014.

This article reports the selection of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) variants after continuous passage in cell lines or experimental animals. Two wild BLV strains isolated from 2 naturally infected Holstein dairy cows in Brazil (cow codes: 485 and 141) were used for the experimental infection of 1 sheep and FLK cells, and 1 rabbit and CC81 cells. Viral DNA was isolated several months after infection, and env gene nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the "passaged" variants were compared against the 2 original infecting wild strains.

Genetic variation in and spatial structure of natural populations of Dipterocarpus alatus (Dipterocarpaceae) determined using single sequence repeat markers

N. M. Tam, Duy, V. D., Duc, N. M., Giap, V. D., and Xuan, B. T. T., Genetic variation in and spatial structure of natural populations of Dipterocarpus alatus (Dipterocarpaceae) determined using single sequence repeat markers, vol. 13, pp. 5378-5386, 2014.

Dipterocarpus alatus (Dipterocarpaceae) is widely distributed in lowland forests in central and southern Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, and India. Due to over-exploitation and habitat destruction, the species is now threatened. The genetic variation within and among populations of D. alatus was investigated on the basis of 9 microsatellite (single sequence repeat, SSR) loci. In all, 268 sampled trees from 10 populations in central and southern Vietnam were analyzed in this study.

Genetic diversity analysis in Opal cotton hybrids based on SSR, ISSR, and RAPD markers

Z. Noormohammadi, Y. Farahani, H. - A., Sheidai, M., Ghasemzadeh-Baraki, S., and Alishah, O., Genetic diversity analysis in Opal cotton hybrids based on SSR, ISSR, and RAPD markers, vol. 12. pp. 256-269, 2013.

Cotton is one of the most economically important crops in Iran; hybridization is a means to increase the genetic diversity and obtain new elite cultivars in this crop. We examined agronomic characteristics and molecular genetic diversity in the Opal cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivar and in F2 progenies. Ten homo-primers and seven hetero-primers of 26 RAPD primers produced 261 reproducible bands, with an average of 4.18 bands per primer and 22% polymorphism.

Serum lipid abnormalities are not associated with apoB 3' VNTR polymorphism in nephrotic children

P. Hu, Hu, B., Qin, Y. H., Lu, L., Li, Z. Q., Tao, L. Q., Pei, Q., and Chen, J., Serum lipid abnormalities are not associated with apoB 3' VNTR polymorphism in nephrotic children, vol. 12, pp. 765-774, 2013.

Apolipoprotein B (apoB) gene 3' variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) is highly variable, and therefore can be an informative marker for associative analysis of lipid metabolism. This is the first report focusing on a possible association of apoB VNTR polymorphism with nephrotic hyperlipidemia. Genomic DNA was extracted from 500 children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) and 500 healthy controls. The apoB genotype was determined by PCR analysis.

Comparisons of DNA marker-based genetic diversity with phenotypic estimates in maize grown in Pakistan

M. M. Shah, Hassan, S. W., Maqbool, K., Shahzadi, I., and Pervez, A., Comparisons of DNA marker-based genetic diversity with phenotypic estimates in maize grown in Pakistan, vol. 9, pp. 1936-1945, 2010.

We compared DNA-based genetic diversity estimates with conventional estimates by investigating agronomically important traits in maize grown in the northwestern region of Pakistan. RAPD markers were used to characterize 10 commonly cultivated maize genotypes. The same material was tested for phenotypic variation of quantitative traits using replicated field trials. The genetic distances between pairs of genotypes using RAPD data were used to generate a similarity matrix and to construct a phenogram.

Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for drought tolerance in maize plants

H. Rahman, Pekic, S., Lazic-Jancic, V., Quarrie, S. A., Shah, S. M. A., Pervez, A., and Shah, M. M., Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for drought tolerance in maize plants, vol. 10, pp. 889-901, 2011.

Drought tolerance is one of the most important but complex traits of crops. We looked for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that affect drought tolerance in maize. Two maize inbreds and their advanced lines were evaluated for drought-related traits. A genetic linkage map developed using RFLP markers was used to identify QTLs associated with drought-related traits. Twenty-two QTLs were detected, with a minimum of one and a maximum of nine for drought-related traits. A single-QTL was detected for sugar concentration accounting for about 52.2% of the phenotypic variation on chromosome 6.

Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in commercial selected golden Malaysian arowana fish, Scleropages formosus (Osteoglossidae)

B. Manoharan, Sulaimen, Z., Omar, F., Othman, R. Y., Mohamed, S. Z., and Bhassu, S., Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in commercial selected golden Malaysian arowana fish, Scleropages formosus (Osteoglossidae), vol. 10. pp. 712-716, 2011.

Malaysian arowana (dragonfish; Scleropages formosus) is an ancient osteoglossid fish from southeast Asia. Due to the high demand of the ornamental fish trade and because of habitat loss, the species is close to extinction. We isolated and characterized 10 polymorphic microsatellites of this species, using 5'-anchored PCR. The number of alleles at the 10 microsatellite loci ranged from 2 to 28, with a mean of 7.8/locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.03 to 0.93 (mean: 0.39), whereas the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.03 to 0.94 (mean: 0.46).

Efficacy of random primer-pair arrays in plant genome analysis: a case study of Cucumis (Cucurbitaceae) for identification of wild and cultivated species

E. M. Gatphoh, Sharma, S. K., Rajkumari, K., and S. Rao, R., Efficacy of random primer-pair arrays in plant genome analysis: a case study of Cucumis (Cucurbitaceae) for identification of wild and cultivated species, vol. 10, pp. 1416-1426, 2011.

The efficacy of random primer-pair arrays compared to conventional RAPD method with a single decamer primer was evaluated using DNA from two species of Cucumis. The banding patterns of amplicons revealed enhanced utility of primer-pair arrays over conventional RAPDs, producing more bands and a higher degree of polymorphism, both at intra- and inter-specific levels. Amplification produced by both methods clearly distinguished a wild from a cultivated species of the genus Cucumis.

Morphometric and molecular analysis of mackerel (Rastrelliger spp) from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia

M. N. Darlina, Masazurah, A. R., Jayasankar, P., Jamsari, A. F. J., and Siti, A. M. N., Morphometric and molecular analysis of mackerel (Rastrelliger spp) from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, vol. 10, pp. 2078-2092, 2011.

Mackerel (Scombridae; Rastrelliger) are small commercially important pelagic fish found in tropical regions. They serve as a cheap source of animal protein and are commonly used as live bait. By using a truss morphometrics protocol and RAPD analysis, we examined morphological and genetic variation among 77 individual mackerel that were caught using long lines and gillnets at 11 locations along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Nineteen morphometric traits were evaluated and genetic information was estimated using five 10-base RAPD random primers.

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