Genetic variability

Genetic relationships among Heliconia (Heliconiaceae) species based on RAPD markers

L. P. Marouelli, Inglis, P. W., Ferreira, M. A., and Buso, G. S. C., Genetic relationships among Heliconia (Heliconiaceae) species based on RAPD markers, vol. 9, pp. 1377-1387, 2010.

The family Heliconiaceae contains a single genus, Heliconia, with approximately 180 species of Neotropical origin. This genus was formerly allocated to the family Musaceae, but today forms its own family, in the order Zingiberales. The combination of inverted flowers, a single staminode and drupe fruits is an exclusive characteristic of Heliconia. Heliconias are cultivated as ornamental garden plants, and are of increasing importance as cut flowers.

Genetic differences between strains of Biomphalaria glabrata (Planorbidae) that are susceptible and unsusceptible to schistosomiasis

A. L. D. Oliveira, Da Silva, D., Manzano, B. C., Abdel-Hamid, A. Z., Marcelino, M. Y., Zanotti-Magalhães, E. M., Zanotti-Magalhães, E. M., Magalhães, L. A., and Ribeiro-Paes, J. T., Genetic differences between strains of Biomphalaria glabrata (Planorbidae) that are susceptible and unsusceptible to schistosomiasis, vol. 9, pp. 1450-1459, 2010.

Despite the implementation control programs, schistosomiasis continues to spread throughout the world. Among modern control strategies, vector control is currently being emphasized. Within this context, analysis of the genetic variability of intermediate host snails (Biomphalaria spp) is important because it allows identification of specific sequences of the genome of this mollusk related to susceptibility/resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection.

Genetic diversity in wild species of passion fruit (Passiflora trintae) based on molecular markers

C. B. M. Cerqueira-Silva, Cardoso-Silva, C. B., Santos, E. S. L., Conceição, L. D. H. C. S., Pereira, A. S., Oliveira, A. C., and Corrêa, R. X., Genetic diversity in wild species of passion fruit (Passiflora trintae) based on molecular markers, vol. 9, pp. 2123-2130, 2010.

In spite of the importance of and the considerable variability observed in Passiflora (Passifloraceae), little is known about the genetic diversity of most of the species of this genus. We evaluated the genetic diversity by RAPD markers in 18 genotypes of Passiflora trintae. The 15 primers generated 112 markers, 84% of which were polymorphic. The genetic distance estimated by the complement of the Dice index (average dissimilarity = 0.30) and genotype grouping based on the UPGMA algorithm showed low variability among genotypes.

Sexual recombination in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum occurs on a fine scale

E. A. Souza, Camargo, Jr., O. A., and Pinto, J. M. A., Sexual recombination in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum occurs on a fine scale, vol. 9, pp. 1759-1769, 2010.

Glomerella cingulata f. sp phaseoli is the sexual phase of the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal agent of common bean anthracnose. This fungus is of great concern, because it causes large economic losses in common bean crops. RAPD markers of five populations of G. cingulata f. sp phaseoli from two Brazilian states were analyzed to determine if this population possesses the sexual reproductive potential to generate the genetic variation that is observed in this phytopathogen.

Genetic differences based on AFLP markers in the mosquito species Anopheles darlingi collected in versus near houses in the region of Porto Velho, RO, Brazil

L. M. Santos, Gama, R. A., Eiras, A. E., and Fonseca, C. G., Genetic differences based on AFLP markers in the mosquito species Anopheles darlingi collected in versus near houses in the region of Porto Velho, RO, Brazil, vol. 9, pp. 2254-2262, 2010.

Anopheles darlingi is the most important malaria vector in Central and South America. After a dramatic reduction of malaria cases in the whole Brazilian territory, with the lowest abundance being attained by 1970, the disease resurged in the Amazon region, where it is now a great public health concern. Consequently, better knowledge about vector species became urgent. We examined the genetic diversity and population structure of A. darlingi, sampled in four localities in the State of Rondônia, Brazil, using 139 amplified fragment length polymorphism marker loci.

Genetic variability in wild genotypes of Passiflora cincinnata based on RAPD markers

C. B. M. Cerqueira-Silva, Conceição, L. D. H. C. S., Santos, E. S. L., Cardoso-Silva, C. B., Pereira, A. S., Oliveira, A. C., and Corrêa, R. X., Genetic variability in wild genotypes of Passiflora cincinnata based on RAPD markers, vol. 9, pp. 2421-2428, 2010.

The genetic diversity and characteristics of commercial interest of Passiflora species make it useful to characterize wild germplasm, because of their potential use for fruit, ornamental and medicinal purposes. We evaluated genetic diversity, using RAPD markers, of 32 genotypes of Passiflora cincinnata collected from the wild in the region of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. Thirteen primers generated 95 polymorphic markers and only one monomorphic marker.

Differential gene expression patterns in the autogamous plant Hordeum euclaston (Poaceae)

J. E. Georg-Kraemer, Ferreira, C. A. S., and Cavalli, S. S., Differential gene expression patterns in the autogamous plant Hordeum euclaston (Poaceae), vol. 10, pp. 295-310, 2011.

Sib-seedlings of 95 strains of the strictly autogamous grass Hordeum euclaston were analyzed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for four isoenzyme systems at a specific ontogenetic stage. We found differences in the activity of some genes among individuals of this species. Hence, an ontogenetic analysis was carried out to investigate 12 strains at five ontogenetic stages, to determine the patterns of expression of these genes during development.

Genetic characterization of papaya plants (Carica papaya L.) derived from the first backcross generation

H. C. C. Ramos, Pereira, M. G., Silva, F. F., Gonçalves, L. S. A., Pinto, F. O., Filho, G. Ade Souza, and Pereira, T. S. N., Genetic characterization of papaya plants (Carica papaya L.) derived from the first backcross generation, vol. 10, pp. 393-403, 2011.

The limited number of papaya varieties available reflects the narrow genetic base of this species. The use of backcrossing as a breeding strategy can promote increases in variability, besides allowing targeted improvements. Procedures that combine the use of molecular markers and backcrossing permit a reduction of the time required for introgression of genes of interest and appropriate recovery of the recurrent genome.

Endophytic and pathogenic isolates of the cacao fungal pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Tricholomataceae) are indistinguishable based on genetic and physiological analysis

T. G. Lana, Azevedo, J. L., Pomella, A. W. V., Monteiro, R. T. R., Silva, C. B., and Araújo, W. L., Endophytic and pathogenic isolates of the cacao fungal pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Tricholomataceae) are indistinguishable based on genetic and physiological analysis, vol. 10, pp. 326-334, 2011.

We evaluated the genetic and physiological variability of Moniliophthora perniciosa obtained from healthy and diseased branches of cacao (Theobroma cacao) plants. The diversity of the isolates was evaluated by RAPD technique and by studies of virulence and exoenzyme production. The genetic variability of endophytic and pathogenic M. perniciosa was evaluated in association with pathogenicity assays. RAPD analysis showed eight genetic groups, which were not related to plant disease status (healthy versus diseased branches).

Heterologous amplification and characterization of microsatellite markers in the Neotropical fish Leporinus friderici

A. M. Olivatti, Boni, T. A., Silva-Júnior, N. J., Resende, L. V., Gouveia, F. O., and Telles, M. P. C., Heterologous amplification and characterization of microsatellite markers in the Neotropical fish Leporinus friderici, vol. 10. pp. 1403-1408, 2011.

Leporinus friderici, native to the Amazon Basin and popularly known as “piau-três-pintas”, has great ecological and economic importance; it is widely fished and consumed throughout much of tropical South America. Knowledge of the genetic diversity of this native species is important to support management and conservation programs. We evaluated microsatellite loci amplification, using heterologous primers, in 31 individuals of L. friderici.

Pages

Subscribe to Genetic variability