Genetic diversity

Comparative analysis of genetic diversity among species of Chrysanthemum and its related genera using inter-simple sequence repeat and sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers

X. Zhang, Zhang, F., Zhao, H., Guan, Z., Chen, S., Jiang, J., Fang, W., and Chen, F., Comparative analysis of genetic diversity among species of Chrysanthemum and its related genera using inter-simple sequence repeat and sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers, vol. 13, pp. 8469-8479, 2014.

In this study, inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) were applied to assess the genetic diversity in 38 species of Chrysanthemum and related genera. A total of 204 and 567 bands were amplified by 24 ISSR and 25 SRAP primers, of which 196 (97%) and 557 (99%) were polymorphic, respectively. The ISSR-based genetic similarity ranged from 0.016 to 0.886 and averaged 0.201, while the SRAP-based genetic similarity varied from 0.010 to 0.811 and averaged 0.122.

Genetic diversity and differentiation of the endangered and endemic species Sauvagesia rhodoleuca in China as detected by ISSR analysis

S. F. Chai, Jiang, Y. S., Zhuang, X. Y., Shi, Y. C., Wei, X., Luo, W. H., and Chen, Z. Y., Genetic diversity and differentiation of the endangered and endemic species Sauvagesia rhodoleuca in China as detected by ISSR analysis, vol. 13, pp. 8258-8267, 2014.

Sauvagesia rhodoleuca (Ochnaceae) is an endangered plant that is endemic to southern China. The levels of genetic variation and patterns of population structure in S. rhodoleuca were investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Eleven primers were used to amplify DNA samples from 117 individuals, and a total of 92 loci were detected.

Characterization of novel microsatellite markers derived from Korean rose bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii) genomic library

W. J. Kim, Shin, E. H., Kong, H. J., Kim, H. S., Kim, B. S., Nam, B. H., Kim, Y. O., Kim, C. H., Jung, H., and An, C. M., Characterization of novel microsatellite markers derived from Korean rose bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii) genomic library, vol. 13, pp. 8147-8152, 2014.

Korean rose bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii) is a freshwater fish endemic to Korea. Natural populations of this species have experienced severe declines as a result of habitat fragmentation and water pollution. To conserve and restore R. uyekii, the genetic diversity of this species needs to be assessed at the population level. Eighteen novel polymorphic microsatellite loci for R. uyekii were developed using an enriched partial genomic library. Polymorphisms at these loci were studied in 150 individuals collected from three populations.

Genetic diversity and relationships among Chinese Eucommia ulmoides cultivars revealed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and inter-simple sequence repeat markers

Y. Li, Wang, S. H., Li, Z. Q., Jin, C. F., and Liu, M. H., Genetic diversity and relationships among Chinese Eucommia ulmoides cultivars revealed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism, amplified fragment length polymorphism, and inter-simple sequence repeat markers, vol. 13, pp. 8704-8713, 2014.

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to estimate the genetic diversity and relationships among Eucommia ulmoides cultivars in China. A total of 240, 192, and 150 DNA fragments were detected by 10 SRAP primer combinations, 10 AFLP primer combinations, and 10 ISSR primers, among which 89.2, 65.1, and 88.0% of the fragments were polymorphic, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed that Qinzhong No. 3, Xiaoyeci, Qinzhong No. 1, and Qinzhong No.

Genetic diversity and coefficient of parentage between clones and sugarcane varieties in Brazil

B. P. Brasileiro, Marinho, C. D., Costa, P. M. A., Peternelli, L. A., Resende, M. D. V., Cursi, D. E., Hoffmann, H. P., and Barbosa, M. H. P., Genetic diversity and coefficient of parentage between clones and sugarcane varieties in Brazil, vol. 13, pp. 9005-9018, 2014.

The success of the development of new sugarcane varieties is associated with the ability to correctly select the genitor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity between 113 clones and sugarcane varieties using the Ward-modified location model procedure with added information about the coefficient of parentage and endogamy. In this study, data was used from 100 experiments that evaluated clones; the experimental phase was conducted in 70 places between the years 2002 and 2009 on the outlining in random blocks.

New microsatellite markers for the neotropical malaria vector Anopheles nuneztovari sensu lato

A. S. Cunha-Machado and Scarpassa, V. M., New microsatellite markers for the neotropical malaria vector Anopheles nuneztovari sensu lato, vol. 13, pp. 8856-8861, 2014.

Anopheles nuneztovari sensu lato consists of cryptic species and genetic lineages, one of which is an important human malaria vector in the northern part of South America. Population structure and evolutionary genetics studies may help in the definition and delimitation of the species and lineages within this species complex, which is relevant information for organizations involved in malaria control efforts. In this study, 10 new microsatellite markers were isolated from 2 repeat-enriched genomic libraries of A. nuneztovari s.l.

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci for Bixa orellana, an important source of natural dyes

G. Dequigiovanni, Ramos, S. L. F., Zucchi, M. I., Bajay, M. M., Pinheiro, J. B., Fabri, E. G., Bressan, E. A., and Veasey, E. A., Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci for Bixa orellana, an important source of natural dyes, vol. 13, pp. 9097-9102, 2014.

Annatto (Bixa orellana) is a plant native from the American continental tropical zone. The seeds are used to produce a carotenoid-based yellow to orange food coloring. Microsatellite markers were developed for the Brazilian native species Bixa orellana to describe its genetic diversity and structure as well as to support conservation studies. Twenty-five microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized using an enriched genomic library. Ten loci were polymorphic in the 50 accessions sampled in this study, while 15 were considered monomorphic.

Screening of highly informative and representative microsatellite markers for genotyping of major cultivated cotton varieties

M. Kuang, Yang, W. H., Wang, F., Xu, H. X., Wang, Y. Q., Zhou, D. Y., Fang, D., Ma, L., and Feng, X. A., Screening of highly informative and representative microsatellite markers for genotyping of major cultivated cotton varieties, vol. 13, pp. 9777-9786, 2014.

We screened and assessed published cotton simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers to establish a set of core SSR markers suitable for cotton major cultivars in China and analyzed genetic diversity based on the core marker set. Using a stepwise screening strategy, 12 leading cultivars for preliminary screening and 96 cultivars for rescreening were evaluated. A total of 184 polymorphic SSR markers were initially screened from 3299 candidates, and a core set of 52 SSR markers with wide genome coverage (2 markers per chromosome) was obtained.

Cross-species transferability of microsatellite markers in the genus Lippia

C. P. Santos, Rocha, D. S., Bajay, M. M., Santos, F. R. C., Campos, J. B., Pinheiro, J. B., Zucchi, M. I., Silva-Mann, R., Arrigoni-Blank, M. F., and Blank, A. F., Cross-species transferability of microsatellite markers in the genus Lippia, vol. 13, pp. 9846-9850, 2014.

The cross-species transferability of 20 microsatellite markers was tested in the genus Lippia. Eleven markers were polymorphic after screening 19 accessions of Lippia sidoides and Lippia gracilis maintained in the Active Germplasm Bank (AGB) from Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Additionally, 40 accessions of Lippia spp were collected in Sergipe to increase the germplasm bank. A total of 23, 22, and 36 alleles were identified, with an average of 2.3, 2.2, and 3.27 alleles per locus, respectively, for each group.

Genetic diversity and relationships in cultivars of Lolium multiflorum Lam. using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers

L. K. Huang, Jiang, X. Y., Huang, Q. T., Xiao, Y. F., Chen, Z. H., Zhang, X. Q., Miao, J. M., and Yan, H. D., Genetic diversity and relationships in cultivars of Lolium multiflorum Lam. using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers, vol. 13, pp. 10142-10149, 2014.

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used to analyze and estimate the genetic variability, level of diversity, and relationships among 20 cultivars and strains of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). Eighteen SRAP primer combinations generated 334 amplification bands, of which 298 were polymorphic. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.4715 (me10 + em1) to 0.5000 (me5 + em7), with an average of 0.4921. The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.4304 to 0.8529, and coefficients between 0.65 and 0.90 accounted for 90.00%.

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