Gene expression

Transcriptome analysis of skeletal muscle at prenatal stages in Polled Dorset versus Small-tailed Han sheep

N. Liu, He, J. N., Yu, W. M., Liu, K. D., Cheng, M., Liu, J. F., He, Y. H., Zhao, J. S., and Qu, X. X., Transcriptome analysis of skeletal muscle at prenatal stages in Polled Dorset versus Small-tailed Han sheep, vol. 14, pp. 1085-1095, 2015.

The objectives of the present study were to identify additional genes that may play important roles in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and development, and to provide fundamental information for understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Eighteen cDNA libraries were constructed from the longissimus muscle of Polled Dorset (PD) and Small-tailed Han (SH) fetuses. To reveal the differences between the two species, we analyzed the differences in gene expression in 60-, 90- and 120-day fetal skeletal muscle by applying Agilent ovine genome-wide microarray.

Quantitative changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number in various tissues of pigs during growth

Y. M. Xie, Jin, L., Chen, X. J., He, M. N., Wang, Y., Liu, R., Li, M. Z., and Li, X. W., Quantitative changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number in various tissues of pigs during growth, vol. 14, pp. 1662-1670, 2015.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content is dependent on the energy requirements of tissues. To date, no comprehensive study has been conducted to examine mtDNA copy number variations in pigs. In the current study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantify the mtDNA copy number in 15 pig tissue types at 5 growth stages from embryo to adult. Observable differences in mtDNA content were detected in the tissues, including a 6-fold greater mtDNA content in the heart compared with the lung of 180-day-old samples.

Gene expression, serum amino acid levels, and growth performance of pigs fed dietary leucine and lysine at different ratios

H. García, Morales, A., Araiza, A., Htoo, J. K., and Cervantes, M., Gene expression, serum amino acid levels, and growth performance of pigs fed dietary leucine and lysine at different ratios, vol. 14, pp. 1589-1601, 2015.

We examined 96 pigs (28.1 ± 0.83 kg) to analyze the effect of Leu:Lys ratios on expression of the cationic amino acid transporters b0,+ and CAT-1 in the jejunum and liver as well as myosin expression in 2 muscles to estimate the optimum standardized ileal digestible (SID) Leu:Lys ratio for growth rate and efficiency. A wheat-and wheat bran-based diets were formulated to meet the requirements of SID amino acids other than Leu (0.70%) and Lys (0.80%). L-Leu was added to the basal diet in 5 SID Leu:Lys ratios (88, 100, 120, 140, and 160% in diets 1-5).

Expression and hypoxia adaptation analysis of the EPO gene in different tissues of plateau Tibetan pigs

B. Z. Deji, Shang, P., Danzeng, W. J., Zhang, H., and Qiangba, Y. Z., Expression and hypoxia adaptation analysis of the EPO gene in different tissues of plateau Tibetan pigs, vol. 14, pp. 1700-1706, 2015.

This study aimed to observe the expression characteristics of the erythropoietin (EPO) gene in different tissues of Tibetan pigs and to explore the adaptation to hypoxic environments. The cDNA in heart, liver, lung, kidney, muscle, brain, and fat of Tibetan pigs was used as the template. Through the number of cycles of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), annealing temperature, and system optimization, a stable and specific semi-quantitative PCR system was established. The EPO gene in different tissues of Tibetan pigs was detected using this system.

Influence of sugars and hormones on the genes involved in sucrose metabolism in maize endosperms

X. D. Ren, Liu, H. M., Liu, Y. H., Hu, Y. F., Zhang, J. J., and Huang, Y. B., Influence of sugars and hormones on the genes involved in sucrose metabolism in maize endosperms, vol. 14, pp. 1671-1678, 2015.

Starch is the major storage product in the endosperm of cereals. Its synthesis is closely related to sucrose metabolism. In our previous study, we found that the expression of most of the genes involved in starch synthesis might be regulated by sugars and hormones in the maize endosperm. However, little is known regarding the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in sucrose metabolism.

Genome-wide identification, classification, and analysis of heat shock transcription factor family in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa pekinensis)

X. Y. Huang, Tao, P., Li, B. Y., Wang, W. H., Yue, Z. C., Lei, J. L., and Zhong, X. M., Genome-wide identification, classification, and analysis of heat shock transcription factor family in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa pekinensis), vol. 14, pp. 2189-2204, 2015.

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown worldwide, and various methods exist for selection, propagation, and cultivation. The entire Chinese cabbage genome has been sequenced, and the heat shock transcription factor family (Hsfs) has been found to play a central role in plant growth and development and in the response to biotic and abiotic stress conditions, particularly in acquired thermotolerance. We analyzed heat tolerance mechanisms in Chinese cabbage.

Abnormal gene expression profile reveals the common key signatures associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis

H. J. Zhang, Sun, Z. Q., Qian, W. Q., and Sheng, L., Abnormal gene expression profile reveals the common key signatures associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis, vol. 14, pp. 2216-2224, 2015.

The aims of this study were to identify the common gene signatures of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), and to expand the respective protein-protein interaction networks associated with CCRCC regulation. For the latter, we utilized multiple gene expression data sets from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), with which we could analyze the aberrant gene expression patterns at the transcriptome level that distinguish cancer from normal samples.

Cloning of an anthocyanidin synthase gene homolog from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) and its expression at different fruit stages

X. - G. Li, Wang, J., and Yu, Z. - Y., Cloning of an anthocyanidin synthase gene homolog from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) and its expression at different fruit stages, vol. 14, pp. 2726-2734, 2015.

Anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), a 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase, catalyzes the penultimate step in anthocyanin biosynthesis, from leucoanthocyanidins to anthocyanidins, the first colored compound in the anthocyanin pathway. In this study, a full-length, 1427-bp long cDNA named RnANS1, which is homologous to the anthocyanidin synthase gene, was cloned from blackcurrant using a homologous cloning strategy. RnANS1 is highly homologous to other plant ANS genes at both the nucleotide and amino acid sequence levels.

Molecular cloning and expression profile of an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene from the hemipteran insect Nilaparvata lugens

W. J. Zha, Li, S. H., Zhou, L., Chen, Z. J., Liu, K., Yang, G. C., Hu, G., He, G. C., and You, A. Q., Molecular cloning and expression profile of an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene from the hemipteran insect Nilaparvata lugens, vol. 14, pp. 2654-2664, 2015.

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters belong to a large superfamily of proteins that have important physiological functions in all living organisms. In insects, ABC transporters have important functions in the transport of molecules, and are also involved in insecticide resistance, metabolism, and development. In this study, the Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) ABCG (NlABCG) gene was identified and characterized.

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