chromosome

Physical mapping of 18S and 5S rDNA loci and histone H3 gene in grasshopper species of the subfamily Gomphocerinae (Acrididae)

L. C. Silva-Neto, Bernardino, A. C. S., Loreto, V., and Moura, R. C., “Physical mapping of 18S and 5S rDNA loci and histone H3 gene in grasshopper species of the subfamily Gomphocerinae (Acrididae)”, vol. 14, pp. 15008-15015, 2015.

In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was used to determine and compare the numbers and chromosomal locations of two multigene families (rDNA and histone H3) in four Neotropical species of gomphocerine grasshoppers. FISH using the 18S rDNA probe identified a single site on the S9 chromosome of Amblytropidia sp and Cauratettix borelli, a single site on chromosome M6 of Compsacris pulcher, and two sites (chromosomes L1 and L2) in Orphulella punctata.

Analysis of the genetic diversity of Chinese native Cannabis sativa cultivars by using ISSR and chromosome markers

L. G. Zhang, Chang, Y., Zhang, X. F., Guan, F. Z., Yuan, H. M., Yu, Y., and Zhao, L. J., “Analysis of the genetic diversity of Chinese native Cannabis sativa cultivars by using ISSR and chromosome markers”, vol. 13, pp. 10490-10500, 2014.

Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is an important fiber crop, and native cultivars exist widely throughout China. In the present study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 27 important Chinese native hemp cultivars, by using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and chromosome markers. We determined the following chromosome formulas: 2n = 20 = 14m + 6sm; 2n = 20 = 20m; 2n = 20 = 18m + 2sm; 2n = 20 = 16m + 4sm; and 2n = 20 = 12m + 8sm.

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the Aegilops biuncialis karyotype

J. Wang, Zhang, W., Zhao, H., Li, F. R., Wang, Z. G., Ji, J., Zhang, X. Q., Wang, D. W., and Li, J. M., “Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the Aegilops biuncialis karyotype”, vol. 12. pp. 683-692, 2013.

Aegilops biuncialis can be hybridized with wheat (Triticum spp) and has been used for wheat breeding and genetic studies. The A. biuncialis karyotype (Ub Ub Mb Mb) was investigated based on three A. biuncialis accessions grown in China. Two pairs of SAT chromosomes were identified as 1Ub and 5Ub, with a karyotype formula of 2n = 4x = 28 = 14m + 10sm + 4st. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and C-banding approaches were used to analyze the A.

Molecular cytogenetics of nucleolar organizer regions in Phyllomedusa and Phasmahyla species (Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae): a cytotaxonomic contribution

A. Barth, Souza, V. A., Solé, M., and Costa, M. A., “Molecular cytogenetics of nucleolar organizer regions in Phyllomedusa and Phasmahyla species (Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae): a cytotaxonomic contribution”, vol. 12, pp. 2400-2408, 2013.

Chromosome numbers, morphology, and nucleolus organizer region (NOR) locations are useful cytological characters for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. In this study, we provide the first cytogenetic analysis of Phyllomedusa bahiana and Phasmahyla spectabilis, and report new cytogenetic data on variation in NOR numbers and positions in Phyllomedusa rohdei and Phyllomedusa nordestina using conventional staining, AgNOR-banding, and 45S rDNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. All 4 species showed 2n = 26 chromosomes. P.

Infertility caused by male partners with genetic defects in Sichuan Province of China

Q. Quan, Li, T. J., Ding, X. P., Wei, J., Li, L. X., and Fu, L., “Infertility caused by male partners with genetic defects in Sichuan Province of China”, vol. 12, pp. 6512-6520, 2013.

The purpose of this study was to detect chromosomal aberrations and azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions in male patients with reproductive problems and to summarize related clinical features to provide reliable information for evaluating prenatal and preimplantation diagnoses. A large cohort of 5083 men with various phenotypes of male infertility was analyzed via G-banding karyotyping, and Origin 8.0 was used to analyze the prevalence of abnormalities.

Chromosome number and cytogenetics of Euphorbia heterophylla L.

J. R. Aarestrup, Karam, D., and Fernandes, G. W., “Chromosome number and cytogenetics of Euphorbia heterophylla L.”, vol. 7, pp. 217-222, 2008.

Euphorbia heterophylla L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a herbaceous species of great economic importance due to its invasive potential and consequent damage to agriculture and pasture land. For the first time, we provide information on its chromosome number, morphology, and behavior of mitotic chromosomes. Seeds were germinated and submitted to four treatments to obtain metaphases: 0.5% colchicine for 2 to 5 h, at ambient temperature; 0.5% colchicine for 16 to 24 h; 0.0029 M 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) for 2 to 5 h at ambient temperature, and 0.0029 M 8-HQ for 16 to 24 h at 4ºC.

Occurrence of multiple nucleolus organizer regions and intraspecific karyotype variation in Scaptotrigona xanthotricha Moure (Hymenoptera, Meliponini)

O. M. P. Duarte, Martins, C. C. C., Waldschmidt, A. M., and Costa, M. A., “Occurrence of multiple nucleolus organizer regions and intraspecific karyotype variation in Scaptotrigona xanthotricha Moure (Hymenoptera, Meliponini)”, vol. 8, pp. 831-839, 2009.

Scaptotrigona xanthotricha has a wide geographic distribution in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. One population from southeast and two from northeast Brazil were analyzed and were found to have chromosome polymorphisms. Although the chromo­some number 2n = 34 is conserved in this species, karyotypic analy­sis revealed clear differences between the three populations. Congru­ent and ubiquitous multiple nucleolus organizer regions, heterochro­matin and CMA3-positive blocks were found.

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