REPLANTATION AND AUTOTRANSPLANTATION AS A METHOD OF SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR MISSING AND SEVERELY DAMAGED TEETH

Abstract

In modern oral surgery, the treatment of patients with missing, traumatically lost, or severely damaged teeth is more often associated with prosthetic rehabilitation and dental implantation. However, replantation and autotransplantation retain their clinical significance as biological methods of tooth preservation and replacement. Their effectiveness is determined not only by surgical technique, but also by molecular and cellular processes: preservation of periodontal ligament viability, remodeling of alveolar bone, pulp revascularization, and reduction of the risk of inflammatory or replacement root resorption. The aim of this article is to review current concepts of tooth replantation and autotransplantation, taking into account their biological prerequisites, indications, limitations, clinical stages, and complications. Particular attention is paid to the stage of root formation, the condition of the recipient site, and postoperative follow-up. It is shown that autotransplantation should not be regarded as an outdated alternative to implantation, but may serve as an independent organ-preserving method when the patient is properly selected, a donor tooth is available, and the surgical protocol is followed.