EFFECT OF CALLUS INDUCTION MEDIA ON CALLUS FORMATION AND HAPLOID PLANTS REGENERATION IN ANTHER CULTURE OF BRINJAL (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.)

Abstract

The brinjal cross hybrid IGB-54 X KT was tested in seven different culture media C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, N6 for haploid regeneration via antherculture, this study carried out at the IGKV, Raipur. The anthers were cultured in callus induction to optimize the frequency of embryonic calli production, size of the calli and day to callusing. Moreover, the androgenic calli that were unable to complete their growth in the culture medium studied were placed in regeneration treatments viz.T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6. The highest number of calli(40.00) yielded with a frequency of 53.33 percent with maximum size of 7.70mm calli with moderate number of days 13.30  was obtained inIGB-54 x KT from the anthers cultured on C5 medium -MS medium containing 2mg/L 2,4-D+ 0.5mg/l kinetin, 30 g/L sucrose compared the Medium C4 and C2 .but in case of observation days to callusing earlier calli production was noticed in C4 9.98 days followed by C3(10.14 days), C2(11.76 days) and C5(13.30 days) slightly3.5 days late in initiation over C4 and 3.2 days over C3.Least number of calli(2.33), frequency(3.11 per cent, size 2.37 mm  with a maximum of 54.25 days taken in N6 medium. Among the shoot regeneration treatments, the treatment T3 – 3 mg/l BAP +1mg/l Kinetin was found better for shoot regeneration with 79.48 % greening, highest number of calli initiated shoots (23.00) with shooting frequency of 74.20 percent, with moderate 5.25 average number of shoots/calli and shoot length of 4.00cm. However, it takes 122 days for regeneration in general haploid calli regenerates very slowly into shoot formation. In the same media embryo formation also noticed while calli regenerated with a frequency of (2calli) 2.56 per cent and produced 3 plants with plantlet frequency of 3.85 percent. Then rooted in MS +IBA 1mg/l rooting media and acclimatized in the hardening room. There about the cross IGB-54 × KT had a total of 159 plantlets produced, out of these 108 plants were hardened and 58 plants survived with a frequency of 53.70%. Almost all the plants derived from anther culture are 98 percent haploids.