SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS AND SUPPLY CHAIN CONSTRAINTS IN GRAPE CULTIVATION

Abstract

Grape cultivation is an important horticultural enterprise in Southern Tamil Nadu, where efficient supply chain management is essential for improving farmers' income and reducing marketing inefficiencies. The present study was conducted during 2025 to evaluate the socio-economic factors determining grape cultivation and to identify the major constraints encountered by stakeholders in the grape supply chain. Primary data were collected from 210 respondents, comprising 120 grape growers, 30 commission agents, 30 wholesalers and 30 retailers, using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was employed to identify the determinants of grape cultivation, while Garrett's ranking technique was used to prioritize stakeholder constraints. The results revealed that education, landholding size and farming experience significantly and positively influenced grape production and net returns, whereas age and annual income were not statistically significant. Garrett's ranking showed that pest and disease incidence, delayed payment and inadequate storage facilities were the major constraints faced by grape growers, while price fluctuation and payment delays were the dominant constraints among market intermediaries. The study concluded that strengthening farmer education, extension support, market infrastructure and collective marketing mechanisms would enhance supply chain efficiency and improve the profitability and sustainability of grape cultivation in Southern Tamil Nadu.