EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF SCENTED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.): A REVIEW

Abstract

This review examines the effect of organic manures on the growth, yield, economics, soil properties and grain quality of scented rice and other rice types. Scented rice such as Vishnubhog is valued for its aroma and grain quality, but its productivity depends on a nutrient management strategy that sustains soil health without raising the cost of cultivation. The literature shows that sole organic sources (farmyard manure, compost, vermicompost, green manure, poultry manure, Azolla and biofertilizers) release nutrients slowly and often fail to match the recommended dose of fertilizer in growth and grain yield, whereas integrating roughly 25 to 50 per cent of nitrogen through organic sources with inorganic fertilizer improves tillering, dry matter accumulation, yield attributes and grain and straw yield. Organic and integrated sources also build soil organic carbon and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and several studies report favourable benefit:cost ratios. Enriched compost, green leaf manure, vermicompost and rock phosphate enriched with organic material emerged as the more promising organic options. Quality traits such as hulling, milling, head rice recovery, kernel dimensions, amylose content and aroma responded to nutrient source, nitrogen level and variety. Long-term, scented-rice-specific studies on organic combinations, their residual effects and grain quality remain limited, and these gaps should guide future research.