MEDICINAL AND DENTAL APPLICATIONS OF NIGELLA SATIVA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Nigella sativa L., commonly referred to as black seed or black cumin, is a medicinal plant with longstanding use in traditional system of medicine. In recent decades, scientific investigation has substantiated many of its traditional claims, attributing its therapeutic potential primarily to the bioactive compound thymoquinone. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that Nigella sativa possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, metabolic regulatory, and tissue-repair properties. Emerging studies further indicate its potential application in oral health, particularly in the management of dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and oral mucosal lesions. This review critically evaluates the current literature on the systemic and dental applications of Nigella sativa, emphasizing mechanistic insights, clinical relevance, safety considerations, and research limitations. While available findings are promising, further well designed randomized controlled trials are necessary to establish standardized therapeutic protocols.