ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS IN KANPUR FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Water treatment (WT) is the procedure that takes place in order to remove contaminants from water to make it suitable for consumption, in industry, or for release to the environment. Wastewater treatment (WWT) is specifically concerned with removing contaminants from combined sewage and industrial effluents in an effort to protect human health and the environment. In all cases, the early detection of contaminants is important in order to maximize efficacy of treatment, while also preventing adverse impacts to the environment and overall water use.However, a significant challenge lies in the limited adaptability of existing treatment technologies to varying wastewater compositions, dependence on consistent energy supply, and difficulty in managing sludge by-products, which delays widespread implementation in diverse municipal contexts.In this manuscript, environmental and economic performance assessment of municipal wastewater treatment plants in Kanpur for sustainable urban water management (MWTPK-HSO) is proposed. Initially, input data is collected from the Kanpur-Municipal-Wastewater-Treatment-Plants-Dataset The major objective is to enhance particulate organic carbon (POC) removal using physical advanced primary treatment (APT) with micro screening for sustainable wastewater treatment. The micro screen-based treatment improves solids and carbon removal, enhancing treatment efficiency and reducing chemical dependency in wastewater management. The House Swallow Optimizer (HSO) is used to optimize the wastewater cleaning. The proposed MWTPK-HSOapproach is implemented in MATLAB.The proposed MWTPK-HSO approach achieves the highestpermeates flux of 1.0 m³/m²/h, compared to 0.35 for physical cleaning and 0.1 in the fouled state. Optimal flux is also observed under 30s run–30 backwashes at 20 Hz, reaching over 1.0 m³/m²/h, while 50s run–10 backwashes shows the lowest performance across all frequencies. This result demonstrates that the MWTPK-HSO technique outperforms existing methods, proving to be a highly effective solution for municipal wastewater treatment.