EXTRACTION, ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN CALYX AND FLOWERS OF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA

Abstract

The present study was based on the extraction, isolation and identification of bioactive compounds in calyx and flowers of Hibiscus sabdariffa. The fresh calyx and flowers of H. sabdariffawere procured from the Ludhiana Punjab region, India and made authenticated from the Botanist Dr S Shweta, Asst. Prof., Guru Ghasidas, Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, with ref. no. Bot./GGV/2025/156. The dried calyxes & flowers of H. sabdariffa were minced and immersed in absolute ethanol for 3 days separately and then filtered. The left fibres were repeatedly extracted by ethanol three times. Alcohol was removed from the filtrate using the rotary vacuum evaporator. After preliminary phytochemical screening, the biochemical moieties were isolated using HPLC methods and structure elucidated using IR, NMR and Mass spectrum analysis.It concluded that this study shows that ethanolic calyx and flowers extract of H. sabdariffa containflavonoids (quercetin) organic acid (citric acid) and phytosterols (β sitosterol) in abundance. Moreover, calyx is rich in diverse bioactive compounds i.e., flavonoids, saponins, steroid, tannins, phenol, terpenoids, glycoside and carbohydrate. Due to these versatile phytoconstituents H. sabdariffa has been reported for various pharmacological properties i.e., anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-hypertension, anti-obesity, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, delayed puberty, neuro-protective, hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic. It suggests confirming the therapeutic uses ofH. sabdariffa by identifying the specific flavonoids present in the calyx and flowers of the plant.