EVALUATION OF QUALITY STANDARDS AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SELECTED NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL FACIAL COSMETICS

Abstract

Background and objectives: Facial cosmetics are widely used worldwide for multiple purposes, yet raise safety and quality concerns in developing countries. The study aims to evaluate and compare the quality standards of cosmetics and adverse effects of selected national and international facial cosmetics products. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess 40 cosmetic products (creams, face washes, sunscreens, and moisturizers) collected from the local market and evaluated for organoleptic, chemical, and physical properties, as well as stability tests. Different parameters were assessed, including color, Odor, texture and homogeneity, consistency, pH, moisture content, bacterial load, and phase separation. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent t-test and chi-square test, considering a p-value of p < 0.05 Results: International cosmetic brands demonstrated superior performance in organoleptic parameters and exhibited smoother textures compared to national brands. The physical testing showed greater homogeneity and consistency among the international cosmetic range. The pH analysis showed that several locally manufactured moisturizers exceeded the pH range, with average values of 4.5-6.0; however, products from international brands remained consistent. The chemical profile showed higher moisture and fat content in the national brands, whereas the microbial count was slightly higher among the international brands, with a statistical significance of <0.001. The phase separation was tested for both products and showed that international products maintained the smooth texture throughout the testing phase. Conclusion: International cosmetic brands have demonstrated better compliance with quality standards, stability, and safety parameters. The study's findings highlighted the need for regulatory compliance for locally manufactured products, which should align with international benchmarks.