FREQUENCY OF UROGENITAL ANOMALIES IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH HYPOSPADIAS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of urogenital anomalies in patients presenting with hypospadias in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Paediatric Surgery, NICH from 13th May 2026 to 13th August 2026. Methodology: The patients were 196 male patients aged 3-10 years with clinically diagnosed hypospadias who were consecutively selected. A clinical and ultrasonographic assessment of the urogenital anomalies was conducted, such as inguinal hernia, undescended testes condition, ambiguous genitalia and renal anomalies. SPSS-26 was used to analyse the data. Results: The mean age was 6.92 ± 3.17 years. The most common anomaly was undescended testes, 45 (22.9%); followed by inguinal hernia and renal anomalies, 15 (7.7%) each; and ambiguous genitalia, 12 (6.1%). There was a greater incidence of urogenital anomalies in children between 3 and 7 years of age than in children >7 years of age (67.1% vs 32.9, p = 0.092). There was a significant association between the anatomical type of hypospadias and the occurrence of a urogenital anomaly (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Urogenital anomalies were commonly found in patients who presented with hypospadias, with the most common being undescended testes, followed by inguinal hernias, renal anomalies, and ambiguous genitalia. Younger children (3-7 years old) showed a relatively higher percentage of urogenital anomalies, but there was an insignificant association between age group and the presence of urogenital anomalies. A while highly significant association was noted between the hypospadias type and the presence of urogenital anomalies.