FREQUENCY OF ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN BLACK STONE POISONING AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of acute renal failure in patients with black stone poisoning at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place And Duration of The Study: Department of General Medicine, JPMC, Karachi, for six months. Methodology: The sample of two hundred and eighteen adults (20-60 years of age) who presented more than 6 hours after the ingestion of paraphenylene diamine (PPD) were enrolled by consecutive sampling. The following were documented: comorbidities and serum creatinine at the time of admission. Acute renal failure was defined and staged according to KDIGO criteria, and association was determined with statistical tests of significance with P ≤ 0.05 by SPSS-27 with crude and adjusted logistic regressions. Result: The median age was 27 years (IQR 24 to 30), and 176 participants (80.7%) were women. ARF was present in 16 patients (7.3%), of whom 7 (43.8%) had stage III disease. None of the demographic or clinical factors showed a significant association with renal failure, and neither crude nor adjusted regression identified a significant predictor (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: A small but clinically significant percentage of patients with black stone poisoning had ARF, and severe disease was frequent in those who developed it. In this study population, neither demographic nor clinical characteristics were significant enough to predict renal involvement.