FETO-MATERNAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANCY WITH FIBROIDS: A DESCRIPTIVE CASE SERIES STUDY

Abstract

Background: Fibroids, which are the most frequent type of benign tumor found in women of childbearing age, may complicate pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of adverse maternal/fetal events in pregnancies associated with uterine fibroids Methods: This Descriptive case-series was conducted at CMH Gujranwala, Pakistan; Duration from October 2025 to March 2026. 285 participants were included in the study. Maternal outcome (negative event) will have been one or more of the following based on maternal/fetal history: spontaneous abortion, low-lying placenta, abnormal fetal position, caesarean delivery, and PPH. The fetal outcomes (negative events) will be as follows: IUGR, preterm delivery, and admission to NICU. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± SD or median (IQR), and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was applied with a p-value<0.05 as significant. Results: The mean age was 29.71 years (±6.37) with a mean gestational age of 24.60 weeks (±9.59).  Common complications of pregnancy were spontaneous abortion (15.4%), malpresentation (20.7%), preterm birth (16.1%), intrauterine growth restriction (20%), cesarean section (47.4%), postpartum hemorrhage (10.9%), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (14.4%). In addition, larger fibroids (>10 cm) were significantly associated with increased cesarean section rates (61.7%, p=0.009), postpartum hemorrhage (p<0.001), and NICU admission (p=0.030). Posterior fibroids showed significant associations with cesarean delivery (54.8%, p=0.004), low-lying placenta (p=0.037), and previous preterm labor (p=0.012). Conclusion: Uterine fibroids, particularly large and posterior ones, were significantly associated with negative feto-maternal outcomes. Early risk stratification and careful antenatal surveillance are necessary to improve pregnancy outcomes.