RECURRENT ASPERGILLOSIS OF MAXILLA – A CASE REPORT

Abstract

Aspergillosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Aspergillus species, most commonly involving the respiratory tract but on occasion affecting the maxillofacial region. Invasive forms involving the maxilla are uncommon, tend to occur in immunocompromised individuals, and often resemble conditions such as bacterial sinusitis or malignant lesions, making diagnosis challenging. We present the case of a 42-year-old male who reported with pain and ulceration localized to the left side of the hard palate. Computed tomography revealed erosion of the posterolateral wall of the left maxilla. The patient’s medical history was significant for bronchial aspergillosis treated eight years earlier, followed by right hemi maxillectomy. Based on the clinical findings and imaging features, a provisional diagnosis of maxillary aspergillosis was considered, and an incisional biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of aspergillosis. This case underscores the need to include fungal infections such as aspergillosis in the differential diagnosis of maxillary and palatal destructive lesions, particularly in patients with predisposing factors. Timely recognition supported by histopathological confirmation and appropriate surgical as well as antifungal therapy is crucial in minimizing morbidity and improving patient outcomes.