GREEN SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Green synthesis of nanomaterials offers a sustainable route for producing functional nanoparticles with biomedical and environmental relevance. This study analyzed a secondary dataset on plant-mediated iron nanoparticles synthesized using Galinsoga parviflora, Conyza bonariensis, and Bidens pilosa leaf extracts. The dataset contained 71 files, including 62 Excel workbooks used for UV–Visible, FTIR, and pollutant degradation analysis. UV–Visible results confirmed nanoparticle formation, with GP-NPs showing the highest maximum absorbance, followed by CB-NPs and BP-NPs. FTIR analysis identified hydroxyl, carbonyl, C–O, and metal oxygen bands, indicating that plant phytochemicals contributed to reduction, capping, and stabilization. Environmental performance was evaluated through rifampicin and methylene blue degradation. CB-NPs with H₂O₂ showed the highest rifampicin degradation efficiency, while acidic GP-NPs showed the strongest methylene blue degradation. The findings demonstrated that green-synthesized iron nanoparticles were effective for dye and pharmaceutical pollutant removal, supporting their environmental remediation potential. Biomedical relevance was established indirectly through rifampicin degradation, since antibiotic residues in water are linked to public-health and antimicrobial-resistance concerns. Overall, the results positioned green-synthesized iron nanoparticles as sustainable nanomaterials for integrated biomedical–environmental pollutant management, although future cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, and biocompatibility studies are needed.