EFFECTIVENESS OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE VS LIGNOCAINE 4% NEBULIZATION TO ATTENUATE HAEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE DURING LARYNGOSCOPY

Abstract

Background: The laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation procedure produces short-lived sympathoadrenal response leading to a significant rise in the haemodynamics. This study aimed to compare the effects of nebulized Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine in attenuating haemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and to assess the level of sedation using on Ramsay sedation score. Materials and Methods: 120 patients of American society of anaesthesiologists’ physical status 1-2, aged 18 60-yearundergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia (GA). They were randomly assigned into two groups of 60 each. Patients in group D were nebulized with dexmedetomidine 2μg/kg, with lignocaine 3 mg/kg in group L with 3ml of normal saline. Vital parameters such as HR, SBP, DP and MAP were recorded, at baseline upto 20 mins after intubation. The primary objective was to compare attenuated haemodynamic responses. The secondary objectives were to study the side effects (if any) and level of sedation using Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS) up to 60 mins postoperatively. Results: This study demonstrated comparable demographic characteristics, with no significant differences. Following intubation, Group D exhibited remarkable haemodynamic stability compared to Group L. Pulse rate remained near baseline in group D while increasing substantially in group L. Group D maintaining systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure values closer to baseline compared to Group L. No significant differences were observed in SpO2, sedation scores and side effects between the two groups. Conclusion: Nebulized dexmedetomidine (2μg/kg) is significantly more effective than nebulized lignocaine 4% (3mg/kg) in attenuating haemodynamic stress response during laryngoscopy and intubation.