KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES REGARDING HANDHELD PORTABLE DENTAL X-RAY DEVICES AMONG GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONERS: A QUESTIONNAIRE BASED STUDY

Abstract

Background: Handheld portable dental X-ray devices provide mobility and may be useful in situations where conventional fixed or semi-mobile radiographic equipment is impractical. However, their use presents specific radiation protection considerations for operators and patients. Assessing practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is therefore important for promoting safe and appropriate use. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding handheld portable dental X-ray devices among general dental practitioners and to determine whether practitioner-related factors are associated with KAP levels. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analytical cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 382 general dental practitioners. A validated online questionnaire comprising 14 knowledge items, 3 attitude items, and practice-related questions was distributed through Google Forms. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk test, and chi-square tests were performed, with the level of statistical significance set at 5%. Results: The mean knowledge score was 10.43 ± 1.91 out of 14 (74.5%), indicating an overall moderate level of knowledge. Important gaps were observed regarding FDA clearance for routine use (19.9% correct) and PSP sensor compatibility (22.8% correct). The mean attitude score was 2.64 ± 0.68 out of 3, indicating generally favorable attitudes. Protective practices were comparatively less consistent, with 17.5% of respondents reported none of the above listed protective measures. No statistically significant association was observed between years of clinical experience or practice setting and KAP levels (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although general dental practitioners demonstrated moderate knowledge and favorable attitudes toward handheld portable dental X-ray devices, deficiencies were identified in specific areas of knowledge and radiation protection practices. Targeted education and standardized training may help improve awareness of appropriate indications, regulatory requirements, and radiation-protection measures.