A REVIEW ARTICLE: THE ROLE OF GLYCOSIDES IN MEDICINAL PLANTS, ISOLATION OF GLYCOSIDES, AND DESCRIPTION OF ANTHRACENE GLYCOSIDES IN ALOES

Abstract

The glycosidic residues found in plant glycosides' structure are largely responsible for their wide range of medicinal properties. In particular, the sugar moiety, chains/saccharide units, glycosidic connections, and aglycones can all be used to categorize medicinal glycosides into a variety of compounds. The commonly used pharmacological classification is based on the aglycones attached to the glycoside molecule, although there are other types as well. Plant glycosides are further categorized into twelve distinct categories based on their non-sugar moiety (aglycones), in addition to the recently discovered new (cannabinoid) glycosides. The origin, structure, and widespread prevalence of each plant glycoside within a particular plant family have all been covered in this work. Additionally, a detailed description of these plant glycosides' therapeutic functions is provided to confirm their effectiveness in the human healthcare system. Glycosides, on the other hand, remain inert until their active aglycone is released by enzymatic hydrolysis, which allows for tailored drug administration. This procedure improves the stability and solubility of aglycones, increasing their bioavailability and medicinal effectiveness. By focusing on particular receptors or enzymes, they reduce side effects and improve pharmacological results. Glycosides, which are derived from plants, provide a variety of chemical structures for the production of drugs. They are essential to both conventional medicine and contemporary drugs, used in everything from antibacterial treatments to cardiology.