GLYCATED ALBUMIN AND HBA1C COMBINE ESTIMATION HELP IN BETTER DETECTION OF DYSGLYCEMIA IN HEALTHY ADULTS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a pathophysiological condition resulting in many metabolic disorders affecting carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. Increased waist circumference is associated with higher BMI. Glycated serum proteins (GSP) such as Glycated Albumin (GA) and HbA1c are formed by a non-enzymatic reaction where blood glucose binds with plasma proteins. GA allows earlier detection of rapid changes in blood glucose over 2-3 weeks. METHODS: The study included 80 subjects of age between 20-40 years, 40 of them were obese (group I) and 40 were apparently healthy subjects (group II). Blood samples were collected for Lipid profile & GA in a red-capped vacutainer for and in purple capped vacutainer for HbA1c. HbA1c and Lipid Profile were measured using standard autoanalyzer based kit methods. GA was measured using the ELISA technique. RESULTS: Compared with groupI, groupII had significantly lower mean waist circumference(P<0.01), triglycerides, total cholesterol(P<0.05), LDL cholesterol(P<0.05) and fasting blood glucose(P<0.05). The Mean value of HbA1c was 5.53±0.64% and 5.02±0.48% (P<0.001) and GA was 14.84±5.43% and 15.89±6.10%   in group I and II respectively. GA was positively correlated with HDL cholesterol(r=0.12) in groupI and with total cholesterol(r=0.14) and LDL(r=0.13) cholesterol in groupII. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Central obesity can identify the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The glycation rate of albumin is higher than hemoglobin, thus GA detects earlier rapid changes in blood glucose. Our study findings concluded that subjects with BMI≥30 had lower GA levels and high HbA1c levels. Hence, the estimation of GA in non-obese individuals serves as an early accurate marker to detect dysglycemia.