NARINGENIN ALLEVIATED METABOLIC SYNDROME EXPRESIONS IN THE HIGH-FAT DIET INDUCED RATS

Abstract

Aim. To assessing the metabolic syndrome marker expressions and therapeutic effect of flavonoid Naringenin (NGN) in rats. Materials and Methods: In this study the wistar rats with diabetes mellitus, a combination of a high-fat diet (HFD) and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 40 mg/kg was used to induce the metabolic syndrome in rats, then estimated the metabolic syndrome marker protein expressions and  treated with the flavonoid Naringenin 50, 100 mg/kg for six weeks. Results. The STZ was used for the study to cause diabetes and the developed model of metabolic syndrome co-existing with diabetes mellitus mimicked several aspects of metabolic syndrome, including dyslipidemia (increased triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and decreased HDL cholesterol), diabetes mellitus (blood glucose, HbA1c, serum insulin, and C-peptide), when compared to the Normal group with the HFD-STZ group, atherogenic index, inflammation (hs-CRP), GLUT4, and Adiponectin,  PPAR-γ, SREBP-1 expression and TNF- alpha and deterioration in hepatic and renal function, and also the histological evaluation of the HFD-STZ group's heart, pancreas, liver, and kidney revealed the presence of edema, necrosis and inflammations. Treatment with the flavonoid Naringenin 50, 100 mg/kg alone and metformin for six weeks drastically and significantly (p<0.001) reduced, all these conditions of the metabolic syndromes. Conclusion.  The current study concluded that there was a metabolic syndrome induced by HFD in rats and treatment with the flavonoid Naringenin and metformin for six weeks, which were significantly reduced the metabolic syndrome indicators, lipid content, and inflammation.