A LONGITUDINAL ASSESSMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE TRENDS IN UTI ISOLATES: GUIDING RATIONAL ANTIBIOTIC USE IN A TERTIARY CARE SETTING

Abstract

To study the sensitivity of an Antibiotic to towards the bacteria according to the Antibiogram for urinary tract infections in a tertiary care hospital. In a tertiary care centre, a retrospective analysis including 200 patients (n=200) was carried out during an 18-month period. Patients who were pregnant or nursing, postpartum, elderly male and female patients, outpatients, inpatients, including those in the intensive care unit, and paediatric patients were also excluded. Antibiogram of the hospital was collected and the treatment strategy was planned accordingly. Out of 200 patients, 57.5% were males and 42.5% were females. In the total number of gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumonia, accounted for 24% followed by E. coli with 20% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10%). In gram positive bacteria, both Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sps were occupied with 8% (n=16) each. Amongst all the antibiotics, for UTIs meropenem 70 (35%) was reported to get prescribed to the maximum followed by cefoperazone 50 (25%), and its combination with sulbactum 20 (10%). The values were found to be statistically significant (*p=0.0439; F=3.865; df=10). From the results, it can be concluded that, Cefaperazone generally demonstrated good susceptibility to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. For Gram-positive bacteria, vancomycin and linezolid might be used as backup medications; for Gram-negative bacteria, carbapenems and cefaperazone work well. Antibiotic resistance can be decreased by using an antibiogram to determine the optimal antibiotic therapy.