EXPLORING THE SYNTHETIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abstract

In this review, we explore recent advances in the chemical and pharmacological development of pyrazole derivatives, with a focus on their anticancer activity and multi-target therapeutic potential. Pyrazoles, as five-membered heterocycles, exhibit favorable chemical properties that support structural modification for diverse biological applications. Their ability to modulate key molecular targets, particularly kinases, renders them promising candidates for drug discovery. Special emphasis is placed on their role as inhibitors of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), a critical target in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. The review outlines synthetic strategies for N-((5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) carbamothioyl) benzamide derivatives, evaluates their biological activity, and discusses structure–activity relationships (SAR). Molecular docking studies and mechanistic insights are also highlighted, offering a comprehensive foundation for future design and development of pyrazole-based anticancer agents.