CLIMATE RESILIENCE IN COCONUT FARMING SYSTEMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION

Abstract

Climate change increasingly threatens coconut farming systems through rising temperatures, rainfall variability, prolonged droughts, and extreme climatic events, particularly in tropical regions dependent on coconut-based livelihoods. Perennial systems like coconuts are still underrepresented in adaptation research, which is dominated by annual cropping systems, despite growing interest in climate-resilient agriculture. Using an integrated bibliometric analysis and systematic literature synthesis, this study looked at research trends, resilience issues, and adaptation routes pertaining to coconut agricultural systems under climate change. Bibliometrix and VOSviewer were used to retrieve and analyze peer-reviewed articles published between 2016 and 2025. The results demonstrated that the majority of current resilience research focuses on short-term productivity-oriented adaptation, with little attention paid to perennial plantation systems' long-term vulnerability. Water stress, delayed climatic reactions, unstable productivity, and institutional limitations were the main issues found in coconut cultivation. Agroforestry integration, climate-resilient agronomic techniques, better water management, and genetic improvement techniques were important adaptation paths. In order to promote sustainable adaptation planning in tropical agriculture, the review emphasizes the need for long-term resilience frameworks that more accurately represent the ecological and socioeconomic dynamics of coconut-based farming systems.