CORRELATION OF HBA1C WITH LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic abnormality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and contributes significantly to cardiovascular complications. Objective: To evaluate the correlation of HbA1c with lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included 110 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from June 2024 to June 2025. Demographic data, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and VLDL-C were recorded. Patients were categorized into good glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7%) groups. Results: The mean age was 55.2 ± 10.8 years, and the mean HbA1c was 8.4 ± 1.7%. Poor glycemic control was observed in 68 (61.8%) patients. Patients with HbA1c ≥7% had higher total cholesterol (212.8 ± 37.5 vs. 176.9 ± 29.4 mg/dL), triglycerides (205.6 ± 58.9 vs. 148.7 ± 41.6 mg/dL), LDL-C (134.7 ± 30.5 vs. 102.8 ± 23.1 mg/dL), and VLDL-C (41.2 ± 11.8 vs. 29.7 ± 8.3 mg/dL), while HDL-C was lower (38.8 ± 6.6 vs. 45.9 ± 7.3 mg/dL). HbA1c showed significant positive correlations with total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, and VLDL-C, and a negative correlation with HDL-C. Conclusion: HbA1c was significantly associated with lipid abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may serve as a useful marker for identifying patients at increased cardiovascular risk.