FABRICATION OF SUSTAINABLE CUO NANOPARTICLES LOADED MULTISCALE POLYMERIC ELECTROSPUN NANOSCAFFOLDS FROM POCOCKIELLA VARIEGATA EXTRACT FOR POTENTIAL ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY

Abstract

This study presents an eco-friendly approach for synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using Pocockiella variegata marine macroalgae extract via ultrasonic-assisted green synthesis, followed by their incorporation into starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun nanoscaffolds for enhanced antidiabetic applications. The macroalgal extract served as a reducing and stabilizing agent, facilitating the formation of crystalline CuO NPs, as confirmed by XRD. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of bioactive phytochemicals that capped the nanoparticles, while SEM analysis demonstrated uniform, bead-free nanofibers (150–300 nm) with well-dispersed CuO NPs. The nanoscaffolds exhibited enhanced thermal stability, with degradation delayed up to 362°C, as evidenced by TGA. Antidiabetic efficacy was evaluated through in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. The CuO NPs-loaded nanoscaffolds exhibited superior enzyme inhibition, comparable to the standard drug acarbose, outperforming both the algal extract and standalone CuO NPs. This enhanced activity is attributed to the synergistic effects of phytochemicals, CuO NPs, and the polymeric matrix, which likely facilitate sustained bioactive release. The study highlights the potential of these biocompatible nanoscaffolds as a multifunctional platform for diabetes management, combining structural stability, thermal resistance, and potent antidiabetic properties. Future research should focus on in vivo validation to assess clinical applicability.