RHINOSPORIDIOSIS EXTENSION BEYOND NOSE- A CASE REPORT

Abstract

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic protist that primarily affects the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. It is endemic in tropical regions such as India and is commonly associated with exposure to stagnant water bodies. Patients typically present with nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and a friable polypoidal mass. Extra-nasal involvement is uncommon but may occur through contiguous spread or autoinoculation. We report a rare case of rhinosporidiosis with extension into the nasolacrimal duct in an 11-year-old boy who presented with progressive unilateral nasal obstruction and intermittent blood-stained nasal discharge for two months. Clinical examination revealed a fleshy, granular polypoidal mass occupying the left nasal cavity with a characteristic strawberry-like appearance, without significant oropharyngeal involvement. Computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses demonstrated an enhancing soft tissue mass extending into the nasopharynx and abutting the nasolacrimal duct. The patient underwent complete endoscopic excision with cauterization of the base and removal of the involved nasolacrimal duct. Histopathology confirmed rhinosporidiosis. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and adjunct dapsone therapy was initiated. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, imaging, and complete surgical excision in preventing recurrence.