RISK FACTORS FOR MULTI ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME IN SEPSIS AMONG CHILDREN

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children, and progression to Multi Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Objective: To determine the frequency of MODS and assess associated risk factors among children with sepsis.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Children’s Hospital, Lahore from February 2026 to May 2026. A total of 150 children aged 1 month to 12 years diagnosed with sepsis were included using non-probability consecutive sampling. Data regarding age, gender, need for surgery, ventilator use, breastfeeding status, malnutrition, and MODS status were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.

Results: The mean age was 1.80 ± 2.83 years. MODS was present in 37 (24.7%) children, while 113 (75.3%) had non-MODS. Ventilator use was significantly associated with MODS (35.1% vs 11.5%, p = 0.001). Gender, need for surgery, breastfeeding status, and malnutrition showed no significant association with MODS.

Conclusion: MODS occurred in nearly one-fourth of septic children. Ventilator use was significantly associated with MODS, indicating the importance of early recognition of respiratory compromise and timely supportive care.