FREQUENCY OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH LMS CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE UNDERGOING PCI

Abstract

Background: PAD is an important complication of systemic atherosclerosis and is often the result of more advanced involvement of the coronary arteries. Left Main Coronary Artery Disease patients frequently have diffused vascular disease, which can involve the coronary vasculature. There are few available regional data on the prevalence of PAD among this population at risk. Hence, the current study was designed to find the prevalence of PAD in patients with LMS CAD undergoing PCI.

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Cardiology Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi from November 2025 to March 2026.

Methods: The number of patients included were 250 with LMS coronary artery disease who received PCI.  A sample size was determined using the formula given by the World Health Organisation. The patients of either sex aged 30-80 years were recruited using non-probability consecutive sampling. PAD was clinically evaluated and confirmed by measuring the ankle-brachial index. SPSS (Version 26) was used for the analysis of demographic and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results: 58 (23.2%) of patients were diagnosed with PAD. Older patients, smokers, diabetics and hypertensive patients had the highest frequency.

Conclusion: In patients with LMS coronary artery disease, PCI, PAD was often identified, underlining the importance of early vascular assessment in high-risk cardiac patients.