ASSESSMENT OF ADVERSE EVENTS IN CANCER PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADIATION THERAPY - LONGITUDINAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Radiation therapy is a cornerstone in cancer treatment but is often accompanied by radiation-related adverse events (RRAEs), which can impair quality of life, particularly in settings with limited technological advancement. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and severity of RRAEs in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over six months in a tertiary cancer care hospital, KLE’s Cancer Hospital, Belagavi. A total of 93 patients receiving radiotherapy or Concurrent chemoradiotherapy were monitored for RRAEs by a radiation oncologist along with clinical pharmacists, using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria, and were documented.

Results: Major RRAEs included radiation dermatitis (59.1%), oral mucositis (56.9%), neutropenia (92.47%), haemoglobin toxicity (93.5%), and radiation enteritis (63.4%). Symptoms peaked during the fifth week. Post-treatment issues like nausea and fatigue increased. Multiple concurrent toxicities were common.

Conclusion: RRAEs are frequent and can significantly impact quality of life and also therapy outcomes. Involving clinical pharmacists in monitoring and reporting can help mitigate risks. Continuous monitoring during and after treatment are recommended. Clinical pharmacists can play a crucial role in detecting, reporting, and managing these adverse effects in collaboration with radiation oncologists. Implementing structured reporting systems and preventive strategies may improve patient outcomes and enhance the safety of cancer treatment.