ASSESSMENT OF MALONDIALDEHYDE, TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY, AND SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS IN CATARACT PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Cataract is one of the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide and is strongly associated with oxidative stress–induced damage to the lens. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the body's antioxidant defense mechanisms, contributing to lens opacification and cataract progression.

Objective: To investigate the role of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and serum vitamin D levels in patients with mature and Immature cataract Patients.

Methods: Serum samples were collected from individuals diagnosed with cataract and appropriate controls. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring serum MDA levels, while antioxidant defense was evaluated through TAC and serum vitamin D estimation. The obtained values were compared between study groups to determine their association with cataract development and progression.

Results: Patients with cataract exhibited significantly elevated serum MDA levels, indicating increased lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. In contrast, TAC and serum vitamin D levels were significantly reduced compared to controls, suggesting compromised antioxidant defense mechanisms. The observed alterations were more pronounced with increasing severity of cataract.

Conclusion: Oxidative stress is associated with cataract progression, characterized by increased MDA and decreased TAC and vitamin D levels. These biomarkers may aid in assessing cataract severity and progression.

Keyword: Oxidative stress; malondialdehyde; Cataract; vitamin D; total antioxidant capacity