C.L. Peter, J.A.G. Da Silva, I.R. Carvalho, D.A. Magano, G.M. Conceição, O. Alessi, J.A. da Rosa, C.M. Babeski, P. Diel, M.V.R. Sarturi, L.B. Heusner, N.G. Zardin
Published: February 28, 2024
Genet. Mol. Res. 23(1): GMR19171
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr19171
Cite this Article:
C.L. Peter, J.A.G. Da Silva, I.R. Carvalho, D.A. Magano, G.M. Conceição, O. Alessi, J.A. da Rosa, C.M. Babeski, P. Diel, M.V.R. Sarturi, L.B. Heusner, N.G. Zardin (2024). Urea dissolution time in water and efficiency of foliar application in oat crops. Genet. Mol. Res. 23(1): GMR19171. https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr19171
About the Authors
C.L. Peter, J.A.G. Da Silva, I.R. Carvalho, D.A. Magano, G.M. Conceição, O. Alessi, J.A. da Rosa, C.M. Babeski, P. Diel, M.V.R. Sarturi, L.B. Heusner, N.G. Zardin
Corresponding Author
I.R. Carvalho
Email: carvalho.irc@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Nitrogen via solid urea is easily lost by volatilization and leaching. This element, due to its easy absorption and translocation, shows the possibility of foliar supply. Knowledge of the dynamics of urea dissolved in water and foliar spraying on oats can improve use efficiency. The bjective of this study was to assess the urea dlution time under non-linearity of air temperature, and validate the technology of foliar application of urea dissolved in water in oat crops, considering different water volumes and urea (N) rates and the oat grain yield in different crop systems. The urea dissolution was carried out in laboratory, using a randomized block experimental design with four replications, in a 4×7 factorial arrangement, consisted of 4 water volumes (100, 200, 300, and 400 L ha-1) and 7 urea rates (0, 44, 88, 132, 164, 176, 220, and 264 kg ha-1). After determining the appropriate water volume for urea dissolution (300 L ha-1), a field experiment was carried out for foliar application, using a randomized block design with four replications, in a 2×7 factorial arrangement, consisted of application of two urea sources (solid and dissolved) and seven N rates (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kg ha-1). The water volume of 300 L ha-1 dissolves the rates of urea, resulting in the expected oat grain yield for the nitrogen rates. The use of high rates increases the urea dissolution time; high air temperature facilitates this dissolution. The use of the technology of urea dissolved in water for foliar application results in similar yields to those using applications to the soil, making it an alternative for supplying N to oat crop systems.
Key words: Agenda 2030, Air temperature, Avena sativa L., Nitrogen, Sustainability, Yield.