Research Article

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06/27/2013
Cryptonephridial system; Endoreduplication; Malpighian tubules; Myrmeleon uniformis; Neuroptera; Polyploidy

The land arthropod secretory system is formed by structures called Malpighian tubules. These tubules are extremely important in insects because they maintain osmoregulation. They are located in the body cavity and are either free or inserted in the rectum wall, forming an arrangement known as the cryptonephridial system. The Malpighian tubules may have morphologically different regions, ... more

C.A. Pacheco; T.L. Silva
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Asteraceae; Chromomycin A3 banding; Karyotype evolution; Polyploidy

Hypochaeris is an excellent system for studying different modes of chromosome evolution in plants. We carried out a cytogenetic analysis on populations of 2 Hypochaeris species, comprising 10 populations of H. catharinensis and 5 of H. lutea, to assess possible changes on chromosome organization in this interesting genus. Conventional Feulgen staining ... more

F.G. Fiorin; P.M. Ruas; M.A. Ortiz; E. Urtubey; N.I. Matzenbacher; C.F. Ruas
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Adventitious embryony; Aneuploidy; Apospory; Hybridization; Polyploidy; Sterility

Cassava is the most important staple crop in the Tropics and Subtropics. Apomixis may revolutionize its production due to various attributes. These potential advantages include production by true seed, maintaining cultivar superiority over generations without segregation, and avoiding contamination by bacteria and viruses. Historically, apomixis was initially observed by International ... more

D.Y.H. Freitas; N.M.A. Nassar
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Calliandra; karyotypic evolution; Mimosoideae; Polyploidy

Most members of the subfamily Mimosoideae have pantropical distributions, variable habits, and a basic chromosome number x = 13. We examined karyotypic evolution of 27 species of this subfamily occurring principally in northeastern Brazil by examining chromosomes stained with Giemsa. All of the species had semi-reticulated interphase nuclei and early condensing segments in the ... more

E.C.X.R. Santos; R. Carvalho; E.M. Almeida; L.P. Felix
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Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) is a leaf vegetable and a medicinal herb througout much of Asia. Cytomixis and meiotic abnormalities during microsporogenesis were found in two populations of H. cordata with different ploidy levels (2n = 38, 96). Cytomixis occurred in pollen mother cells during meiosis at high frequencies and with variable degrees of chromatin/ ... more

J.Z. Guan; J.J. Wang; Z.H. Cheng; Y. Liu; Z.Y. Li
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Cytomixis; Meiosis; Microsporogenesis; Pinellia ternata; Polyploidy

Pinellia ternata is an important traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Its different populations in China have various ploidy levels, based on x = 13, as well as extensive aneuploid series. The microsporogenesis process was observed in specimens from three populations from three regions of Hubei Province; they were characterized by normal and abnormal meiotic divisions in ... more

Y. Liu; R.K. Hui; R.N. Deng; J.J. Wang; M. Wang; Z.Y. Li
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Microsatellite; Multiplex; Polyploidy; Puccinellia maritima; Saltmarsh

The grass Puccinellia maritima is an important saltmarsh ecosystem engineer exhibiting wide morphological variation, which is partially genetically determined. Nevertheless, nothing is known about its population genetics or how neutral genetic variation is distributed throughout its geographical range. Here, we describe 12 polymorphic microsatellites pooled into two multiplexes ... more

R. Rouger; M. Vallejo-Marin; A.S. Jump
02/19/2014
Crucian carp; Distant hybridization; Gene expression; jnk1 gene; Molecular cloning; Polyploidy

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is an important member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase superfamily. The allotetraploid crucian carp is a product of distant hybridization of female red crucian carp with male common carp. It is the first natural case of an allotetraploid with stable genetic characters, including fertility of both female and male animals. In this study, 2 jnk1 ... more

Y.M. Xiao; M.G. Jiang; Z.W. Luo; Y.H. Zhou; S. Wen; M. Wang; C. Zhang; S.J. Liu
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Hexaploidy; Interspecific hybridization; Meiosis; Poaceae; Polyploidy

Cytological investigation revealed complete asynapsis during microsporogenesis in 2 wild accessions of Paspalum jesuiticum collected in distinct Brazilian regions. Both accessions were hexaploid (2n = 6x = 60) and 60 univalents could be counted at diakinesis. In this phase, the majority of meiocytes exhibited univalents with both chromatids. After alignment at the metaphase plate ... more

R.A.Bernardo Filho; A.C.C. Santos; F.H.D. Souza; J.F.M. Valls; M.S. Pagliarini
04/27/2015
Antlion; Chromatin; Endoreduplication; Malpighian tubules; Neuroptera; Polyploidy

Myrmeleon unifomis Malpighian tubules cells were analyzed under two aspects: chro­matin structure and total protein quantification in the three larval phases (L1, L2 and L3) and in adults. This insect Malpighian tubules present polyploid tissue resultant from endoreduplica­tion, which probably begins in the first larval phases. The Malpighian ... more

C.A. Pacheco; T.L. da Silva; M.K.H. Kobayashi

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