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2016
S. Panthong, Boonsathorn, N., Chuchawankul, S., Panthong, S., Boonsathorn, N., and Chuchawankul, S., Antioxidant activity, anti-proliferative activity, and amino acid profiles of ethanolic extracts of edible mushrooms, vol. 15, no. 4, p. -, 2016.
Conflicts of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSResearch supported by the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund of Chulalongkorn University (#CU-56-522-AS) and the 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund, #GCUGR1125582045M). We would like to thank the Medical Biotechnology Center, the Medical Life Science Institute, and the Chulalongkorn University Centenary Academic Development Project for their contribution of research instruments. We would like to express our gratitude to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Warin Sangkitikomol and Asst. Prof. Dr. Attakorn Palasuwan for providing reagents. We would like to offer special thanks to Dr. Atittaya Rocejanasaroj for her technical assistance. Moreover, the authors would like to thank Asst. Prof. Dr. Tewin Tencomnao for critical review of the manuscript. REFERENCESAfendi FM, Okada T, Yamazaki M, Hirai-Morita A, et al (2012). KNApSAcK family databases: integrated metabolite-plant species databases for multifaceted plant research. Plant Cell Physiol. 53: e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcr165 Bosun B (2014). Environmental pharmacology - an overview. In: Pharmacology and therapeutics (Gowder SJT, ed.). InTech, Rijeka, 133-178. Boyer J, Liu RH, et al (2004). Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutr. J. 3: 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-3-5 Calabrese EJ, et al (2005). Cancer biology and hormesis: human tumor cell lines commonly display hormetic (biphasic) dose responses. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 35: 463-582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408440591034502 Calabrese EJ, Mattson MP, Calabrese V, et al (2010). Resveratrol commonly displays hormesis: occurrence and biomedical significance. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 29: 980-1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327110383625 Chirinang P, Intarapichet KO, et al (2009). Amino acids and antioxidant properties of the oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostrestus and Pleurotus sajor-caju. Sci. Asia 35: 326-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2009.35.326 Clement LT, Lehmeyer JE, et al (1983). Regulation of the growth and differentiation of a human monocytic cell line by lymphokines. I. Induction of superoxide anion production and chemiluminescence. J. Immunol. 130: 2763-2766. Dutta S, Ray S, Nagarajan K, et al (2013). Glutamic acid as anticancer agent: An overview. Saudi Pharm. J. 21: 337-343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2012.12.007 Dewanjee S, Maiti A, Das AK, Mandal SC, et al (2009). Swietenine: a potential oral hypoglycemic from Swietenia macrophylla seed. Fitoterapia 80: 249-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2009.02.004 Goodwin CJ, Holt SJ, Downes S, Marshall NJ, et al (1995). Microculture tetrazolium assays: a comparison between two new tetrazolium salts, XTT and MTS. J. Immunol. Methods 179: 95-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(94)00277-4 Ghosh T, Maity KT, Sengupta P, Dash KD, et al (2008). Antidiabetic and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Bacopa monnieri Linn. aerial parts: a possible mechanism of action. Iran. J. Pharm. Res. 7: 61-68. Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M, et al (2002). Cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J. Clin. 52: 23-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/canjclin.52.1.23 Kadnikova IA, Costa R, Kalenik TK, Guruleva ON, et al (2015). Chemical composition and nutritional value of the mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae. J. Food Nutr. Res. 3: 478-482. Kanagasabapathy G, Malek SNA, Kuppusamy UR, Vikineswary S, et al (2011). Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of extracts of fresh fruiting bodies of Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer. J. Agric. Food Chem. 59: 2618-2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf104133g Kalogeropoulos N, Yanni AE, Koutrotsios G, Aloupi M, et al (2013). Bioactive microconstituents and antioxidant properties of wild edible mushrooms from the island of Lesvos, Greece. Food Chem. Toxicol. 55: 378-385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.010 Lau CC, Abdullah N, Shuib AS, et al (2013). Novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from an edible mushroom, Pleurotus cystidiosus O.K. Miller identified by LC-MS/MS. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 13: 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-313 Li N, Li L, Fang JC, Wong JH, et al (2012). Isolation and identification of a novel polysaccharide-peptide complex with antioxidant, anti-proliferative and hypoglycaemic activities from the abalone mushroom. Biosci. Rep. 32: 221-228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20110012 Ma ZC, Wang JG, Zhang L, Zhang YF, et al (2010). Evaluation of water soluble β-D-glucan from Auricularia auricular-judae as potential anti-tumor agent. Carbohydr. Polym. 80: 977-983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.01.015 Maiti S, Bhutia SK, Mallick SK, Kumar A, et al (2008). Antiproliferative and immunostimulatory protein fraction from edible mushrooms. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 26: 187-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2008.03.009 Mohd Jamil NA, Rahmad N, Mohd Nor Rashid N, Mohd Yusoff MHY, et al (2013). LCMS-QTOF determination of lentinan-like β-D-glucan content isolated by hot water and alkaline solution from tiger’s milk mushroom, termite mushroom, and selected local market mushrooms. J. Mycol. 2013: 718963. Mosmann T, et al (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Methods 65: 55-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4 Ognjanović BI, Marković SD, Pavlović SZ, Zikić RV, et al (2008). Effect of chronic cadmium exposure on antioxidant defense system in some tissues of rats: protective effect of selenium. Physiol. Res. 57: 403-411. Ooi VE, Liu F, et al (2000). Immunomodulation and anti-cancer activity of polysaccharide-protein complexes. Curr. Med. Chem. 7: 715-729. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867003374705 Patel S and Goyal A (2012). Recent developments in mushrooms as anticancer therapeutics: a review. 3 Biotech 2: 1-15. Petrova A, Alipieva K, Kostadinova E, Antonova D, et al (2007). GC-MS studies of the chemical composition of two inedible mushrooms of the genus Agaricus. Chem. Cent. J. 1: 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-1-33 Pietsch K, Saul N, Chakrabarti S, Stürzenbaum SR, et al (2011). Hormetins, antioxidants and prooxidants: defining quercetin-, caffeic acid- and rosmarinic acid-mediated life extension in C. elegans. Biogerontology 12: 329-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-011-9334-7 Pietta P, Simonetti P, Gardana C, Mauri P, et al (2000). Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of Ginkgo biloba flavonol and Camellia sinensis catechin metabolites. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 23: 223-226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00272-7 Redaelli A, Lee JM, Stephens JM, Pashos CL, et al (2003). Epidemiology and clinical burden of acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 3: 695-710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.3.5.695 Ren D, Jiao Y, Yang X, Yuan L, et al (2015). Antioxidant and antitumor effects of polysaccharides from the fungus Pleurotus abalonus. Chem. Biol. Interact. 237: 166-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.017 Reza A, Choi MJ, Damte D, Jo WS, et al (2011). Comparative antitumor activity of different solvent fractions from an Auricularia auricula-judae ethanol extract in P388D1 and sarcoma 180 cells. Toxicol. Res. 27: 77-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5487/TR.2011.27.2.077 Reza MA, Hossain MA, Lee SJ, Yohannes SB, et al (2014). Dichlormethane extract of the jelly ear mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (higher Basidiomycetes) inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms 16: 37-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v16.i1.40 Sandler DP, Ross JA, et al (1997). Epidemiology of acute leukemia in children and adults. Semin. Oncol. 24: 3-16. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A, et al (2016). Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J. Clin. 66: 7-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21332 Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventos RM, et al (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 299: 152-178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1 Son TG, Camandola S, Mattson MP, et al (2008). Hormetic dietary phytochemicals. Neuromolecular Med. 10: 236-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12017-008-8037-y Umeo SH, Souza GPN, Rapachi PM, Garcia DM, et al (2015). Screening of basidiomycetes in submerged cultivation based on antioxidant activity. Genet. Mol. Res. 14: 9907-9914. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.August.19.25 Vargas AJ, Burd R, et al (2010). Hormesis and synergy: pathways and mechanisms of quercetin in cancer prevention and management. Nutr. Rev. 68: 418-428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00301.x Weinstein HJ (1999). Acute myeloid leukemia. In: Childhood leukemias (Pui CH, ed.) Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, 322-335. Wu N, Wu XW, Agama K, Pommier Y, et al (2010). A novel DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor with different mechanism from camptothecin induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest to K562 cells. Biochemistry 49: 10131-10136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi1009419 Yokota ME, Frison PS, Marcante RC, Jorge LF, et al. (2016). Iron translocation in Pleurotus ostreatus basidiocarps: production, bioavailability, and antioxidant activity. Genet. Mol. Res. 15: gmr.15017888 Yu ZK, Chen YN, Aihara M, Mao W, et al (2007). Effects of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists on oxidative stress in purified rat retinal ganglion cells. Mol. Vis. 13: 833-839. Zhuang C, Mizuno T, Shimada A, Ito H, et al (1993). Antitumor protein-containing polysaccharides from a Chinese mushroom Fengweigu or Houbitake, Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sings. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 57: 901-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.901  
S. Panthong, Boonsathorn, N., Chuchawankul, S., Panthong, S., Boonsathorn, N., and Chuchawankul, S., Antioxidant activity, anti-proliferative activity, and amino acid profiles of ethanolic extracts of edible mushrooms, vol. 15, no. 4, p. -, 2016.
Conflicts of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSResearch supported by the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund of Chulalongkorn University (#CU-56-522-AS) and the 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund, #GCUGR1125582045M). We would like to thank the Medical Biotechnology Center, the Medical Life Science Institute, and the Chulalongkorn University Centenary Academic Development Project for their contribution of research instruments. We would like to express our gratitude to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Warin Sangkitikomol and Asst. Prof. Dr. Attakorn Palasuwan for providing reagents. We would like to offer special thanks to Dr. Atittaya Rocejanasaroj for her technical assistance. Moreover, the authors would like to thank Asst. Prof. Dr. Tewin Tencomnao for critical review of the manuscript. REFERENCESAfendi FM, Okada T, Yamazaki M, Hirai-Morita A, et al (2012). KNApSAcK family databases: integrated metabolite-plant species databases for multifaceted plant research. Plant Cell Physiol. 53: e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcr165 Bosun B (2014). Environmental pharmacology - an overview. In: Pharmacology and therapeutics (Gowder SJT, ed.). InTech, Rijeka, 133-178. Boyer J, Liu RH, et al (2004). Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutr. J. 3: 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-3-5 Calabrese EJ, et al (2005). Cancer biology and hormesis: human tumor cell lines commonly display hormetic (biphasic) dose responses. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 35: 463-582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408440591034502 Calabrese EJ, Mattson MP, Calabrese V, et al (2010). Resveratrol commonly displays hormesis: occurrence and biomedical significance. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 29: 980-1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327110383625 Chirinang P, Intarapichet KO, et al (2009). Amino acids and antioxidant properties of the oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostrestus and Pleurotus sajor-caju. Sci. Asia 35: 326-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2009.35.326 Clement LT, Lehmeyer JE, et al (1983). Regulation of the growth and differentiation of a human monocytic cell line by lymphokines. I. Induction of superoxide anion production and chemiluminescence. J. Immunol. 130: 2763-2766. Dutta S, Ray S, Nagarajan K, et al (2013). Glutamic acid as anticancer agent: An overview. Saudi Pharm. J. 21: 337-343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2012.12.007 Dewanjee S, Maiti A, Das AK, Mandal SC, et al (2009). Swietenine: a potential oral hypoglycemic from Swietenia macrophylla seed. Fitoterapia 80: 249-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2009.02.004 Goodwin CJ, Holt SJ, Downes S, Marshall NJ, et al (1995). Microculture tetrazolium assays: a comparison between two new tetrazolium salts, XTT and MTS. J. Immunol. Methods 179: 95-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(94)00277-4 Ghosh T, Maity KT, Sengupta P, Dash KD, et al (2008). Antidiabetic and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Bacopa monnieri Linn. aerial parts: a possible mechanism of action. Iran. J. Pharm. Res. 7: 61-68. Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M, et al (2002). Cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J. Clin. 52: 23-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/canjclin.52.1.23 Kadnikova IA, Costa R, Kalenik TK, Guruleva ON, et al (2015). Chemical composition and nutritional value of the mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae. J. Food Nutr. Res. 3: 478-482. Kanagasabapathy G, Malek SNA, Kuppusamy UR, Vikineswary S, et al (2011). Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of extracts of fresh fruiting bodies of Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer. J. Agric. Food Chem. 59: 2618-2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf104133g Kalogeropoulos N, Yanni AE, Koutrotsios G, Aloupi M, et al (2013). Bioactive microconstituents and antioxidant properties of wild edible mushrooms from the island of Lesvos, Greece. Food Chem. Toxicol. 55: 378-385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.010 Lau CC, Abdullah N, Shuib AS, et al (2013). Novel angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from an edible mushroom, Pleurotus cystidiosus O.K. Miller identified by LC-MS/MS. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 13: 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-313 Li N, Li L, Fang JC, Wong JH, et al (2012). Isolation and identification of a novel polysaccharide-peptide complex with antioxidant, anti-proliferative and hypoglycaemic activities from the abalone mushroom. Biosci. Rep. 32: 221-228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20110012 Ma ZC, Wang JG, Zhang L, Zhang YF, et al (2010). Evaluation of water soluble β-D-glucan from Auricularia auricular-judae as potential anti-tumor agent. Carbohydr. Polym. 80: 977-983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.01.015 Maiti S, Bhutia SK, Mallick SK, Kumar A, et al (2008). Antiproliferative and immunostimulatory protein fraction from edible mushrooms. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 26: 187-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2008.03.009 Mohd Jamil NA, Rahmad N, Mohd Nor Rashid N, Mohd Yusoff MHY, et al (2013). LCMS-QTOF determination of lentinan-like β-D-glucan content isolated by hot water and alkaline solution from tiger’s milk mushroom, termite mushroom, and selected local market mushrooms. J. Mycol. 2013: 718963. Mosmann T, et al (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Methods 65: 55-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4 Ognjanović BI, Marković SD, Pavlović SZ, Zikić RV, et al (2008). Effect of chronic cadmium exposure on antioxidant defense system in some tissues of rats: protective effect of selenium. Physiol. Res. 57: 403-411. Ooi VE, Liu F, et al (2000). Immunomodulation and anti-cancer activity of polysaccharide-protein complexes. Curr. Med. Chem. 7: 715-729. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867003374705 Patel S and Goyal A (2012). Recent developments in mushrooms as anticancer therapeutics: a review. 3 Biotech 2: 1-15. Petrova A, Alipieva K, Kostadinova E, Antonova D, et al (2007). GC-MS studies of the chemical composition of two inedible mushrooms of the genus Agaricus. Chem. Cent. J. 1: 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-1-33 Pietsch K, Saul N, Chakrabarti S, Stürzenbaum SR, et al (2011). Hormetins, antioxidants and prooxidants: defining quercetin-, caffeic acid- and rosmarinic acid-mediated life extension in C. elegans. Biogerontology 12: 329-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10522-011-9334-7 Pietta P, Simonetti P, Gardana C, Mauri P, et al (2000). Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of Ginkgo biloba flavonol and Camellia sinensis catechin metabolites. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 23: 223-226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00272-7 Redaelli A, Lee JM, Stephens JM, Pashos CL, et al (2003). Epidemiology and clinical burden of acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 3: 695-710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.3.5.695 Ren D, Jiao Y, Yang X, Yuan L, et al (2015). Antioxidant and antitumor effects of polysaccharides from the fungus Pleurotus abalonus. Chem. Biol. Interact. 237: 166-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.017 Reza A, Choi MJ, Damte D, Jo WS, et al (2011). Comparative antitumor activity of different solvent fractions from an Auricularia auricula-judae ethanol extract in P388D1 and sarcoma 180 cells. Toxicol. Res. 27: 77-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5487/TR.2011.27.2.077 Reza MA, Hossain MA, Lee SJ, Yohannes SB, et al (2014). Dichlormethane extract of the jelly ear mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (higher Basidiomycetes) inhibits tumor cell growth in vitro. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms 16: 37-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v16.i1.40 Sandler DP, Ross JA, et al (1997). Epidemiology of acute leukemia in children and adults. Semin. Oncol. 24: 3-16. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A, et al (2016). Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J. Clin. 66: 7-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21332 Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventos RM, et al (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 299: 152-178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1 Son TG, Camandola S, Mattson MP, et al (2008). Hormetic dietary phytochemicals. Neuromolecular Med. 10: 236-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12017-008-8037-y Umeo SH, Souza GPN, Rapachi PM, Garcia DM, et al (2015). Screening of basidiomycetes in submerged cultivation based on antioxidant activity. Genet. Mol. Res. 14: 9907-9914. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.August.19.25 Vargas AJ, Burd R, et al (2010). Hormesis and synergy: pathways and mechanisms of quercetin in cancer prevention and management. Nutr. Rev. 68: 418-428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00301.x Weinstein HJ (1999). Acute myeloid leukemia. In: Childhood leukemias (Pui CH, ed.) Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom, 322-335. Wu N, Wu XW, Agama K, Pommier Y, et al (2010). A novel DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor with different mechanism from camptothecin induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest to K562 cells. Biochemistry 49: 10131-10136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi1009419 Yokota ME, Frison PS, Marcante RC, Jorge LF, et al. (2016). Iron translocation in Pleurotus ostreatus basidiocarps: production, bioavailability, and antioxidant activity. Genet. Mol. Res. 15: gmr.15017888 Yu ZK, Chen YN, Aihara M, Mao W, et al (2007). Effects of beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists on oxidative stress in purified rat retinal ganglion cells. Mol. Vis. 13: 833-839. Zhuang C, Mizuno T, Shimada A, Ito H, et al (1993). Antitumor protein-containing polysaccharides from a Chinese mushroom Fengweigu or Houbitake, Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sings. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 57: 901-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.901  
2012
S. Chuchawankul, Khorana, N., and Poovorawan, Y., Piperine inhibits cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, vol. 11, pp. 617-627, 2012.
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