Publications

Abe I and Prestwich GD (1995). Identification of the active site of vertebrate oxidosqualene cyclase. Lipids 30: 231-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02537826 PMid:7791531   Abe I, Rohmer M and Prestwich GD (1993). Enzymatic cyclization of squalene and oxidosqualene to sterols and triterpenes. Chem. Rev. 93: 2189-2206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00022a009   Basyuni M, Oku H, Tsujimoto E, Kinjo K, et al. (2007). Triterpene synthases from the Okinawan mangrove tribe, Rhizophoraceae. FEBS J. 274: 5028-5042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06025.x PMid:17803686   Cammareri M, Consiglio MF, Pecchia P, Corea G, et al. (2008). Molecular characterization of β-amyrin synthase from Aster sedifolius L. and triterpenoid saponin analysis. Plant Sci. 175: 255-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.04.004   Chung CK and Jung ME (2003). Ethanol fraction of Aralia elata Seemann enhances antioxidant activity and lowers serum lipids in rats when administered with benzo(a)pyrene. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26: 1502-1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.1502 PMid:14519964   Haralampidis K, Bryan G, Qi X, Papadopoulou K, et al. (2001). A new class of oxidosqualene cyclases directs synthesis of antimicrobial phytoprotectants in monocots. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98: 13431-13436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.231324698 PMid:11606766 PMCid:60888   Hayashi H, Huang P, Kirakosyan A, Inoue K, et al. (2001). Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding beta-amyrin synthase involved in glycyrrhizin and soyasaponin biosyntheses in licorice. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 24: 912-916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.912 PMid:11510484   Hostettmann K and Marston A (1995). Saponins. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511565113   Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Haralampidis K, Papadopoulou K and Osbourn AE (2003). Molecular cloning and characterization of triterpene synthases from Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus. Plant Mol. Biol. 51: 731-743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022519709298 PMid:12683345   Kajikawa M, Yamato KT, Fukuzawa H, Sakai Y, et al. (2005). Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding beta-amyrin synthase from petroleum plant Euphorbia tirucalli L. Phytochemistry 66: 1759-1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.05.021 PMid:16005035   Kim JS, Shim SH, Chae S, Han SJ, et al. (2005). Saponins and other constituents from the leaves of Aralia elata. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 53: 696-700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.53.696   Kim OK, Lee EB and Kang SS (1993). Antihyperglycemic constituent of Aralia elata root bark. (II). Isolation and action of the constituents. Saengyak Hakhoechi 24: 219-222.   Kushiro T, Shibuya M and Ebizuka Y (1998a). Beta-amyrin synthase-cloning of oxidosqualene cyclase that catalyzes the formation of the most popular triterpene among higher plants. Eur. J. Biochem. 256: 238-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2560238.x PMid:9746369   Kushiro T, Shibuya M and Ebizuka Y (1998b). Towards Natural Medicine Research in the 21st Century. In: Excerpta Medica International Congress Series (Ageta H, Aimi N, Ebizuka Y and Honda G, eds.). Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 421-428.   Kushiro T, Shibuya M, Masuda K and Ebizuka Y (2000). Mutational studies on triterpene synthases: engineering lupeol synthase into β-amyrin synthase. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122: 6816-6824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0010709   Lee JH, Ha YW, Jeong CS, Kim YS, et al. (2009). Isolation and tandem mass fragmentations of an anti-inflammatory compound from Aralia elata. Arch. Pharm. Res. 32: 831-840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-009-1603-5 PMid:19557359   Li L, Song SJ, Li LZ, Liang ZX, et al. (2006). Chemical constituents of the buds of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. (III). J. Shenyang Pharm. Univ. 23: 495-498.   Li L, Song SJ, Liang ZX and Xu SX (2007). A new triterpenoidal saponin from the buds of Aralia elata (Miq.). Seem. Asian. J. Tradit. Med. 2: 1-4.   Liu Y, Cai Y, Zhao Z, Wang J, et al. (2009). Cloning and Functional Analysis of a β-amyrin synthase gene associated with oleanolic acid biosynthesis in Gentiana straminea MAXIM. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 32: 818-824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.32.818 PMid:19420748   Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method. Methods 25: 402-408.   Lodeiro S, Xiong Q, Wilson WK, Kolesnikova MD, et al. (2007). An oxidosqualene cyclase makes numerous products by diverse mechanisms: a challenge to prevailing concepts of triterpene biosynthesis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129: 11213-11222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja073133u PMid:17705488   Meesapyodsuk D, Balsevich J, Reed DW and Covello PS (2007). Saponin biosynthesis in Saponaria vaccaria. cDNAs encoding β-amyrin synthase and a triterpene carboxylic acid glucosyltransferase. Plant Physiol. 143: 959-969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.088484 PMid:17172290 PMCid:1803722   Morita M, Shibuya M, Kushiro T, Masuda K, et al. (2000). Molecular cloning and functional expression of triterpene synthases from pea (Pisum sativum) new alpha-amyrin-producing enzyme is a multifunctional triterpene synthase. Eur. J. Biochem. 267: 3453-3460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01357.x PMid:10848960   New Medical College of Jiangsu (1977). Dictionary of Chinese Materia Medica. Shanghai Scientific and Technological Publishing, Shanghai.   Nhiem NX, Lim HY, Kiem PV, Minh CV, et al. (2011). Oleanane-type triterpene saponins from the bark of Aralia elata and their NF-kappaB inhibition and PPAR activation signal pathway. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 21: 6143-6147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.024 PMid:21889336   Page RD (1996). TreeView: an application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 12: 357-358. PMid:8902363   Phillips DR, Rasbery JM, Bartel B and Matsuda SP (2006). Biosynthetic diversity in plant triterpene cyclization. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 9: 305-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2006.03.004 PMid:16581287   Poralla K, Hewelt A, Prestwich GD, Abe I, et al. (1994). A specific amino acid repeat in squalene and oxidosqualene cyclases. Trends Biochem. Sci. 19: 157-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(94)90276-3   Saito S, Ebashi J, Sumita S, Furumoto T, et al. (1993). Comparison of cytoprotective effects of saponins isolated from leaves of Aralia elata Seem. (Araliaceae) with synthesized bisdesmosides of oleanoic acid and hederagenin on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 41: 1395-1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.41.1395   Sawai S, Shindo T, Sato S, Kaneko T, et al. (2006). Functional and structural analysis of genes encoding oxidosqualene cyclases of Lotus japonicus. Plant Sci. 170: 247-257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.08.027   Scholz M, Lipinski M, Leupold M, Luftmann H, et al. (2009). Methyl jasmonate induced accumulation of kalopanaxsaponin I in Nigella sativa. Phytochemistry 70: 517-522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.01.018 PMid:19282005   Shibuya M, Katsube Y, Otsuka M, Zhang H, et al. (2009). Identification of a product specific β-amyrin synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 47: 26-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.09.007 PMid:18977664   Song SJ, Nakamura N, Ma CM, Hattori M, et al. (2001). Five saponins from the root bark of Aralia elata. Phytochemistry 56: 491-497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00379-4   Thompson JD, Higgins DG and Gibson TJ (1994). CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22: 4673-4680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/22.22.4673 PMid:7984417 PMCid:308517   Yendo AC, de Costa F, Gosmann G and Fett-Neto AG (2010). Production of plant bioactive triterpenoid saponins: elicitation strategies and target genes to improve yields. Mol. Biotechnol. 46: 94-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12033-010-9257-6 PMid:20204713   Yoshikawa M, Yoshizumi S, Ueno T, Matsuda H, et al. (1995). Medicinal foodstuffs. I. Hypoglycemic constituents from a garnish foodstuff "taranome", the young shoot of Aralia elata SEEM.: elatosides G, H, I, J, and K. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 43: 1878-1882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.43.1878   Yoshikawa M, Murakami T, Harada E, Murakami N, et al. (1996a). Bioactive saponins and glycosides. VI. Elatosides A and B, potent inhibitors of ethanol absorption, from the bark of Aralia elata SEEM. (Araliaceae): the structure-requirement in oleanolic acid glucuronide-saponins for the inhibitory activity. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 44: 1915-1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.44.1915   Yoshikawa M, Murakami T, Harada E, Murakami N, et al. (1996b). Bioactive saponins and glycosides. VII. On the hypoglycemic principles from the root cortex of Aralia elata Seem.: structure related hypoglycemic activity of oleanolic acid oligoglycoside. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 44: 1923-1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.44.1923   Zhang H, Shibuya M, Yokota S and Ebizuka Y (2003). Oxidosqualene cyclases from cell suspension cultures of Betula platyphylla var. japonica: molecular evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in higher plants. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26: 642-650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.642 PMid:12736505   Zhang M, Liu G, Tang S, Song S, et al. (2006). Effect of five triterpenoid compounds from the buds of Aralia elata on stimulus-induced superoxide generation, tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of cytosolic compounds to the cell membrane in human neutrophils. Planta Med. 72: 1216-1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-951679 PMid:17021995