Zea mays

Efficiency of RAPD versus SSR markers for determining genetic diversity among popcorn lines

A. A. Leal, Mangolin, C. A., Júnior, A. Tdo Amaral, Gonçalves, L. S. A., Scapim, C. A., Mott, A. S., Eloi, I. B. O., Cordovés, V., and da Silva, M. F. P., Efficiency of RAPD versus SSR markers for determining genetic diversity among popcorn lines, vol. 9, pp. 9-18, 2010.

Using only one type of marker to quantify genetic diversity generates results that have been questioned in terms of reliability, when compared to the combined use of different markers. To compare the efficiency of the use of single versus multiple markers, we quantified genetic diversity among 10 S7 inbred popcorn lines using both RAPD and SSR markers, and we evaluated how well these two types of markers discriminated the popcorn genotypes.

Genome-wide analysis of cyclins in maize (Zea mays)

X. Hu, Cheng, X., Jiang, H., Zhu, S., Cheng, B., and Xiang, Y., Genome-wide analysis of cyclins in maize (Zea mays), vol. 9, pp. 1490-1503, 2010.

Cyclins are primary regulators of the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases and play crucial roles in cell cycle progression in eukaryotes. Although extensive studies have revealed the roles of some cyclins and underlying mechanisms in plants, relatively few cyclins have been functionally analyzed in maize. We identified 59 cyclins in the maize genome, distributed on 10 chromosomes; these were grouped into six types by phylogenetic analysis. The cyclin genes in the maize genome went through numerous tandem gene duplications on five chromosomes.

Comparisons of DNA marker-based genetic diversity with phenotypic estimates in maize grown in Pakistan

M. M. Shah, Hassan, S. W., Maqbool, K., Shahzadi, I., and Pervez, A., Comparisons of DNA marker-based genetic diversity with phenotypic estimates in maize grown in Pakistan, vol. 9, pp. 1936-1945, 2010.

We compared DNA-based genetic diversity estimates with conventional estimates by investigating agronomically important traits in maize grown in the northwestern region of Pakistan. RAPD markers were used to characterize 10 commonly cultivated maize genotypes. The same material was tested for phenotypic variation of quantitative traits using replicated field trials. The genetic distances between pairs of genotypes using RAPD data were used to generate a similarity matrix and to construct a phenogram.

Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for drought tolerance in maize plants

H. Rahman, Pekic, S., Lazic-Jancic, V., Quarrie, S. A., Shah, S. M. A., Pervez, A., and Shah, M. M., Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for drought tolerance in maize plants, vol. 10, pp. 889-901, 2011.

Drought tolerance is one of the most important but complex traits of crops. We looked for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that affect drought tolerance in maize. Two maize inbreds and their advanced lines were evaluated for drought-related traits. A genetic linkage map developed using RFLP markers was used to identify QTLs associated with drought-related traits. Twenty-two QTLs were detected, with a minimum of one and a maximum of nine for drought-related traits. A single-QTL was detected for sugar concentration accounting for about 52.2% of the phenotypic variation on chromosome 6.

Genetic distances between popcorn populations based on molecular markers and correlations with heterosis estimates made by diallel analysis of hybrids

R. E. F. Munhoz, Prioli, A. J., Júnior, A. T. Amaral, Scapim, C. A., and Simon, G. A., Genetic distances between popcorn populations based on molecular markers and correlations with heterosis estimates made by diallel analysis of hybrids, vol. 8, pp. 951-962, 2009.

Diallel analysis was used to obtain information on com­bining ability, heterosis, estimates of genetic distances by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and on their correlations with heterosis, for the popcorn varieties RS 20, UNB2, CMS 43, CMS 42, Zélia, UEM J1, UEM M2, Beija-Flor, and Viçosa, which were crossed to obtain all possible combinations, without reciprocals. The genitors and the 36 F1 hybrids were evaluated in field trials in Maringá during two growing seasons in a randomized complete block design with three replications.

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