Type 2 diabetes

Proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts from a type 2 diabetic patient in vitro

J. Li, Liu, C. Y., Jiang, Y. F., Wei, X. Z., and Li, J. U., “Proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts from a type 2 diabetic patient in vitro”, vol. 14, pp. 11292-11299, 2015.

We investigated the proliferation and differentiation potential of human osteoblasts from a type 2 diabetic patient in vitro. Human osteoblasts were obtained from a healthy subject and a type 2 diabetic patient and were cultured in vitro using the tissue explant adherent method. Differences in cell morphology were observed under a phase contrast microscope.

Associations between genetic variants and the severity of metabolic syndrome in subjects with type 2 diabetes

Y. L. Chen, Pei, D., Hung, Y. J., Lee, C. H., Hsiao, F. C., Wu, C. Z., Lin, J. D., Hsu, C. H., Chang, J. B., and Hsieh, C. H., “Associations between genetic variants and the severity of metabolic syndrome in subjects with type 2 diabetes”, vol. 14, pp. 2518-2526, 2015.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and dysglycemia. Subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibit features of MetS. The etiology of MetS is complex, involving both environmental and genetic factors. In this study, we examined the role of specific candidate genetic variants on the severity of MetS in T2D subjects. A total of 240 T2D subjects aged 35-64 years were recruited. Waist circumstance, plasma triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, and blood pressure were measured to define MetS.

Calpain-10 gene polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican mestizos

V. J. Picos-Cárdenas, Sáinz-González, E., Miliar-García, A., Romero-Zazueta, A., Quintero-Osuna, R., Leal-Ugarte, E., Peralta-Leal, V., and Meza-Espinoza, J. P., “Calpain-10 gene polymorphisms and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican mestizos”, vol. 14, pp. 2205-2215, 2015.

The calpain-10 gene is expressed primarily in tissues important in glucose metabolism; thus, some of its polymorphisms have been associated with type 2 diabetes. In this study, we examined the association between the calpain-10 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-43, SNP-19, and SNP-63 and type 2 diabetes in Mexican mestizos. We included 211 patients and 152 non-diabetic subjects. Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify alleles. We compared allele, genotype, haplotype, and diplotype frequencies between both groups and used the chi-square test to calculate the risk.

High-resolution color doppler ultrasound examination and related risk factor analysis of lower extremity vasculopathy in type 2 diabetes patients

J. Xu, Wang, G., Fu, D., Su, N., Wang, L., Gao, F., and Guo, N., “High-resolution color doppler ultrasound examination and related risk factor analysis of lower extremity vasculopathy in type 2 diabetes patients”, vol. 14, pp. 3939-3947, 2015.

This study aims to investigate the value of high-resolution color Doppler ultrasonography (HR-CDU) in the evaluation of lower-extremity vasculopathy (LEV) and its related risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Two hundred forty T2DM patients were selected, who underwent lower-extremity arterial HR-CDU. The patients were divided into the LEV group (V group) and the nonvasculopathy group (A group). The V group was then divided into the mild (B group), moderate (C group), and severe (D group) subgroups. The relevant clinical parameters were simultaneously recorded.

Oligonucleotide microarray analysis reveals dysregulation of energy-related metabolism in insulin-sensitive tissues of type 2 diabetes patients

M. Wang, Wang, X. C., Zhao, L., Zhang, Y., Yao, L. L., Lin, Y., Peng, Y. D., and Hu, R. M., “Oligonucleotide microarray analysis reveals dysregulation of energy-related metabolism in insulin-sensitive tissues of type 2 diabetes patients”, vol. 13, pp. 4494-4504, 2014.

Impaired insulin action within skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver is an important characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In order to identify common underlying defects in insulin-sensitive tissues that may be involved in the pathogenesis of T2D, the gene expression profiles of skeletal muscle, visceral adipose tissue, and liver from autopsy donors with or without T2D were examined using oligonucleotide microarrays and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR.

Association of the rs7903146 and rs12255372 polymorphisms in the TCF7L2 gene with type 2 diabetes in a population from northeastern Brazil

C. M. A. R. Barros, Araújo-Neto, A. P., Lopes, T. R., Barros, M. A. L., Motta, F. J. N., Canalle, R., Nunes, L. C. C., Rey, J. A., Burbano, R. R., Lima-Barros, M. A., Yoshioka, F. K. N., and Pinto, G. R., “Association of the rs7903146 and rs12255372 polymorphisms in the TCF7L2 gene with type 2 diabetes in a population from northeastern Brazil”, vol. 13, pp. 7889-7898, 2014.

Approximately 200 million people suffer from type 2 diabetes (T2D) worldwide, and the rapid increase in the prevalence of this disease is likely a result of multiple environmental factors, such as increased food intake and decreased physical activity in genetically predisposed individuals. Different population studies have demonstrated a strong association of two polymorphic variations in the TCF7L2 gene, the noncoding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7903146 (C/T) and rs12255372 (G/T), with T2D.

Effects of rehabilitation management on gastric emptying function in older adults with diabetes

Z. M. Shao, Yao, J. F., Chen, J., Yu, Z. W., Yu, X. F., Zheng, J. J., and Tang, X., “Effects of rehabilitation management on gastric emptying function in older adults with diabetes”, vol. 13, pp. 9244-9252, 2014.

The relationship between gastric emptying dysfunction and blood glucose concentration in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated, and the effect of rehabilitation exercise prescription training on gastric emptying in the geriatric diabetic patients was evaluated. A total of 160 older type 2 diabetic adults and 30 cases of non-diabetic patients were studied with regard to the gastric half emptying time (GET1/2) of solid meals radiolabelled with 99mTc.

Meta-analysis of association of common variants in the KCNJ11-ABCC8 region with type 2 diabetes

L. J. Qin, Lv, Y., and Huang, Q. Y., “Meta-analysis of association of common variants in the KCNJ11-ABCC8 region with type 2 diabetes”, vol. 12, pp. 2990-3002, 2013.

KCNJ11 (potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11) and ABCC8 (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C (CFTR/MRP), member 8) have been studied for association with type 2 diabetes in various ethnic populations with contradictory results. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis for KCNJ11 rs5219, rs5210, rs5215, and ABCC8 rs757110 to evaluate the effect of these regions on genetic susceptibility for type 2 diabetes.

Lack of association of functional UCP2 -866G/A and Ala55Val polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population based on a case-control study and a meta-analysis

L. J. Qin, Wen, J., Qu, Y. L., and Huang, Q. Y., “Lack of association of functional UCP2 -866G/A and Ala55Val polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population based on a case-control study and a meta-analysis”, vol. 12, pp. 3324-3334, 2013.

Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial transporter protein and can affect the function of β-cells. We investigated a possible association between functional UCP2 -866G/A and Ala55Val polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in 715 Hubei Han Chinese. No significant association was found, either for the -866G/A polymorphism (allele, P = 0.254; genotype, P = 0.508) or for the Ala55Val polymorphism (allele, P = 0.250; genotype, P = 0.896).

CDKAL1 and type 2 diabetes: a global meta-analysis

M. A. S. Dehwah, Wang, M., and Huang, Q. - Y., “CDKAL1 and type 2 diabetes: a global meta-analysis”, vol. 9, pp. 1109-1120, 2010.

CDKAL1 (cyckin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1) has been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes in various ethnic groups; however, contradictory results have been reported. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of 21 studies for rs7756992, 17 studies for rs7754840 and 10 studies for rs10946398 variants of the CDKAL1 gene to evaluate the effect of CDKAL1 on genetic susceptibility for type 2 diabetes.

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