Plant breeding

Revisiting the Brazilian scenario of registry and protection of cultivars: an analysis of the period from 1998 to 2010, its dynamics and legal observations

C. D. Marinho, Martins, F. J. O., Amaral, S. C. S., Júnior, A. T. Amaral, Gonçalves, L. S. A., and de Mello, M. P., “Revisiting the Brazilian scenario of registry and protection of cultivars: an analysis of the period from 1998 to 2010, its dynamics and legal observations”, vol. 10, pp. 792-809, 2011.

During the last 20 years, the national production of grains has increased 156.1%; productivity increased 93.8% and there has been an increase of 29.1% in cultivated area. Currently, agribusiness is responsible for 40% of Brazilian exports. Nevertheless, there is little quantitative information on the main plant species of economic interest that have been registered and protected in the Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Supply Ministry (MAPA) by public and private companies, as well as by public-private partnerships.

Use of molecular markers in reciprocal recurrent selection of maize increases heterosis effects

A. P. C. G. Berilli, Pereira, M. G., Gonçalves, L. S. A., da Cunha, K. S., Ramos, H. C. C., Filho, G. A. Souza, and Júnior, A. Tdo Amaral, “Use of molecular markers in reciprocal recurrent selection of maize increases heterosis effects”, vol. 10, pp. 2589-2596, 2011.

We examined the effect of incorporation of molecular markers on variability between and within populations in order to maximize heterotic effects and longevity of a maize reciprocal recurrent selection program. Molecular variability was quantified by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers between and within the maize populations Cimmyt and Piranão in the 10th cycle of a reciprocal recurrent selection program. Forty-two S1 progenies of each population were analyzed, these being families of full-sibs selected according to their agronomic traits.

Cassava in South America, Brazil’s contribution and the lesson to be learned from India

N. M. A. Nassar, “Cassava in South America, Brazil’s contribution and the lesson to be learned from India”, vol. 5. pp. 688-695, 2006.

South America is responsible for about half of the cassava world production. In the 1970’s productivity of the crop on the continent was about 15 ton/ha, and dropped continuously until reaching 12 ton/ha in 2004. India’s productivity of cassava increased from 10 ton/ha in the 1970’s to 28 ton/ha in 2004. Brazil contributed significantly to improving cassava crops through the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas in the 1960’s and 1970’s. The Universidade de Brasília released high-protein content hybrids, apomictic clones and explored the potential of indigenous landraces.

Yield and post-harvest quality of tomato hybrids heterozygous at the loci alcobaça, old goldcrimson or high pigment

M. Ventura Faria, Maluf, W. Roberto, de Azevedo, S. Márcio, Andrade-Júnior, V. Carvalho, Gomes, L. Antonio Au, Moretto, P., and Licursi, V., “Yield and post-harvest quality of tomato hybrids heterozygous at the loci alcobaça, old goldcrimson or high pigment”, vol. 2, pp. 317-327, 2003.

The effects of the fruit ripening mutant gene alcobaça (alc) and color development mutants, old gold-crimson (ogc) and high pigment (hp), on yield and post-harvest quality of tomato fruits were investigated.

Diallel analysis of production traits among domestic, exotic and mutant germplasms of Lycopersicon

G. Pratta, Picardi, L. A., and Zorzoli, R., “Diallel analysis of production traits among domestic, exotic and mutant germplasms of Lycopersicon”, vol. 2, pp. 206-213, 2003.

The effects of wild germplasm on tomato fruit shelf life have not yet been completely evaluated. Three different genotypes of Lycopersicon esculentum (a cultivated variety, a homozygote for nor and a homozygote for rin), LA1385 of L. esculentum var. cerasiforme, LA722 of L. pimpinellifolium, and 10 diallel hybrids were assayed. Mean values of fruit shelf life, weight, shape, and mean number of flowers per cluster were analyzed after Griffing (1956, Aust. J. Biology 9: 463-493), method 2, model 1.

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