peanut

Crossability of Arachis valida and B genome Arachis species

D. C. Wondracek-Lüdke, Custodio, A. R., Simpson, C. E., and Valls, J. F. M., “Crossability of Arachis valida and B genome Arachis species”, vol. 14, pp. 17574-17586, 2015.

The peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important food crop in much of the tropical and semi-tropical parts of the world. The peanut is an allotetraploid with an AABB genome formula derived from diploids A. duranensis (A genome) and A. ipaënsis (B genome). The success of an introgression program that aims to improve cultivated varieties of the peanut depends on whether the chosen B genome species is homologous with the B genome of the peanut.

Performance of peanut mutants and their offspring generated from mixed high-energy particle field radiation and tissue culture

J. S. Wang, Qiao, L. X., Zhao, L. S., Wang, P., Guo, B. T., Liu, L. X., and Sui, J. M., “Performance of peanut mutants and their offspring generated from mixed high-energy particle field radiation and tissue culture”, vol. 14, pp. 10837-10848, 2015.

To develop new ways to breed peanut, we irradiated seeds of the Luhua 11 cultivar with a mixed high-energy particle field at different doses. The embryonic leaflets were extracted as explants and incubated on somatic embryo induction medium and then on somatic embryo germination and regeneration medium. After being grafted, the M1-generation plants were transplanted, and seeds from each M1-generation plant were harvested. In the following year, the M2-generation seeds were planted separately.

Cloning and characterization of peanut allene oxide cyclase gene involved in salt-stressed responses

H. H. Liu, Wang, Y. G., Wang, S. P., and Li, H. J., “Cloning and characterization of peanut allene oxide cyclase gene involved in salt-stressed responses”, vol. 14, pp. 2331-2340, 2015.

In this study, the full-length cDNA encoding allene oxide cyclase (AhAOC) was isolated from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The deduced amino acid sequence of AhAOC showed high homology with other plant AOCs. The transcript of AhAOC was found to be abundantly expressed in roots. Expression analysis demonstrated that AhAOC was induced by abscisic acid, methyl-jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, salinity, polyethylene glycol, and cold stresses, particularly by high salinity.

Characterization of the β-1,3-glucanase gene in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by cloning and genetic transformation

L. X. Qiao, Ding, X., Wang, H. C., Sui, J. M., and Wang, J. - S., “Characterization of the β-1,3-glucanase gene in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by cloning and genetic transformation”, vol. 13, pp. 1893-1904, 2014.

Plant β-1,3-glucanases are commonly involved in disease resistance. This report describes the cloning and genetic transformation of a β-1,3-glucanase gene from peanut. The gene was isolated from both the genomic DNA and cDNA of peanut variety Huayu20 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), respectively. The DNA sequence contained 1471 bp including two exons and one intron, and the coding sequence contained 1047 bp that coded for a 348-amino acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 38.8 kDa.

Genetic variability of Brazilian Indian landraces of Arachis hypogaea L.

F. O. Freitas, Moretzsohn, M. C., and Valls, J. F. M., “Genetic variability of Brazilian Indian landraces of Arachis hypogaea L.”, vol. 6, pp. 675-684, 2007.

The Kayabi Indians who inhabit the Xingu Indigenous Park, located in West Central Brazil, have grown and managed peanuts for a long time. A great number of landraces are being maintained by these tribes and some of this germplasm has morphological traits that exceed the variation described in the taxonomic literature. Here, we analyzed the genetic variability of these landraces using a set of microsatellite markers. The analysis showed that, in general, the indigenous samples grouped according to the villages where they were collected.

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